Objective: To evaluate the thickness of the maxillary sinus mucosa before and after performing the elevation of the maxillary sinus floor in partially and very edentulous patients in the posterior sector using cone beam computed tomography images. Methods: Pre and postsurgical tomographic images of 31 cases were included; 24 of which were a unilateral maxillary sinus floor elevation procedure, while 7 cases involved both pneumatic cavities. Measurements were taken at the sagittal and coronal planes. All of them, perpendicular to the sinus mucosa. A retrospective analysis of cone beam computed tomography was performed and the groups were compared with the Wilcoxon test for related samples and the variables graft size, preoperative membrane thickness, age and gender with multivariate analysis. Setting the level of statistical significance p <0.05. Results: A great variability of the thickness of the sinus membrane was confirmed, both in the pre-operative and in the post-operative. It was observed that the mean values in millimeters obtained in the pre-op were 1.45 and 1.12 in the post-op. The medians showed that the membrane thickness values are more atypical and more extreme in the preoperative values (0.79) than in the postoperative values (0.94), which are more normal and uniform. Conclusion: Under the conditions analyzed, there was an absence of changes in the dimensions of the sinus mucosa in the pre and postoperative period of the tomographic images, highlighting evidence of great inter-individual variability.

Eighth-generation adhesives may be applied with total etch, selective-etch or self-conditioning, and serve as primers for non-dental substrates. Aim: To determine the bonding characteristics of universal adhesives applied to the deep pulp wall with different strategies, by means of shear bond strength and laser microscopy. Materials and Method: Cavities 4 mm deep and maximum width were carved in 36 extracted molars. Nine groups were formed according to dental substrate treatment and adhesives, as follows: Total-etch: group 1-Monobond 7 self-etch, group 2-One coat 7 universal, and group 3-Single bond universal; Adamantine etch: group 4-Monobond 7 self-etch, group 5-One coat 7 universal, and group 6-Single bond universal; Self-conditioning: group 7-Monobond 7 self-etch, group 8-One coat 7 universal, and group 9-Single bond universal. Molars were filled following the manufacturer’s instructions. Three specimens per group (27 altogether) were used to determine shear bond strength using a universal testing machine, while layer thicknesses were measured on the remaining specimens using microscope images and Olympus LEXT 3D Software. Analysis of variance was used to compare data. Results: Mean (standard deviation) bond strength in megapascals (MPa) was: group 1: 7.06±3.01; group 2: 10.74±4.36; group 3: 8.20±3.92; group 4: 7.41±2.23; group 5: 6.84±1.50; group 6: 5.86±2.10; group 7: 5.83±1.94; group 8: 7.14±2.37; group 9: 8.06±3.51. Bond strength was higher (p=0.049) for total-etch (8.61±3.96) than for selective etch (6.71±1.98) and self-conditioning (6.91±2.68). No significant difference was found among the three adhesives (p=0.205). Adhesive layer in micrometers (μm) was total-etch 8.71±4.93, selective etch 5.49±1.70 and self-conditioning 6.27±3.01, with no significant difference. Conclusions: There were significant differences among bonding strategies, with the highest values for total-etch. No significant difference was observed between self-conditioning and selective etch. No significant difference was found among the adhesives, which all behaved similarly. The greatest adhesive layer thicknesses were recorded in the total-etch group, with no significant difference among the various adhesive approaches. Keywords: dentin bonding agents - microscopy confocal

Introduction: the results of treatment in implantology have been evaluated mainly as implant survival rates in small groups of patients selected from specialized clinical or university settings. There is evidence to support polymorphisms that could be linked to some biological complications in implantology. The results may vary according to the origin or ethnic mixtures of the population studied. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between the polymorphisms IL-10 A/G rs1800896 and TNF-α G308A rs1800629308 and the loss of dental implants and periodontal disease. Material and method: 140 patients were selected, 10 with implant losses within a maximum period of 6 months of their placement. Each patient voluntarily consented to participate in the study (approved by CIEIS Adult Hospital Córdoba) Filiatory and clinical data were collected in a clinical history. Samples of clinically healthy oral mucosa were obtained and genotyped by PCR and RFPL. Results: The population consisted of male and female individuals in similar proportions (p=0.6121). The average age was 53.06±16.22 years, and an age variation range of 20 to 80 years. 7.7% of the patients included in the study had loss of their implant. It was observed that 62.5% of the patients who presented loss of implants were women. Of the patients with missing implants, 75% were smokers and did not consume alcohol. On the other hand, in relation to periodontal disease only 31% presented disease. In relation to genotype, patients with lost implants had 50% of the mutated allele of the SNP TNFα rs1800629, while 50% of patients with periodontal disease were carriers of the mutated allele for SNP IL-10 rs1800896. On the other hand, considering the total population under study, 31.06% of the patients presented the genotypes with the genetic variation, AG+GG, of the IL10 rs1800896 gene; while 64.07% presented the AA and GA genotypes, (both with the mutated allele) of the TNF-α G308A rs1800629 gene. No significant association (p=0.3298) was observed between IL10 rs1800896 genotypes and periodontal disease; contrary to whether there was a significant relationship of this SNP with periodontal disease (p=0.0164). Conclusion: The polymorphisms evaluated were not predictive of the failure of dental implants. However, a significant association between periodontal disease and TNF-α rs1800629 genotype could be observed. It is noteworthy that this is the first study that describes the frequency of the SNPs studied in a population of Córdoba–Argentina.