Prostaglandins are a family of 20-carbon fatty acids found in virtually all mammalian cells 1,2. These are highly biologically active and have been implicated in the mediation of many physiological responses 3,4. Natural prostaglandins possess an allylic, secondary alcohol group at C-15 position. This alcohol group can be oxidized into a ketone in the presence of 15hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase and this process is very rapid in vivo in animals and man 5-7. The oxidation to 15-ketoprostaglandins leads to the inactivation of prostaglandin

Due to the intrinsic ring strain of azetidine derivatives, there are numerous challenges involved in their synthesis. Its derivatives have several important applications, such as antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, antitubercular, antioxidant, etc. This review provides the impact of recent advances in the synthesis of azetidines and their derivatives. It gives an overview of the different therapeutic uses of azetidines, with various structures and degrees of control. This elaborate review will furnish a basis for the progress of future azetidines to fight the various microbes which have developed their resistance against current medications.