This investigation was carried out at Samannud District Gharbia Governorate during seasons of 2009 and 2010 on Flame Seedless grapevines growing in clay soil. This objective amied to study the effect of intercropping Flame Seedless grapevines by: Clover, Peas, Onion and Japanese Turnip. Clover was sown under and between vines during the second week of September, Peas was cultivated in rows during the first week of October, Onion Transplanting in rows during the first week of December and Japanese Turnip sown under and within vines during the second week of September, 2009 and 2010 seasons. The results revealed that cultivation of Onion, Japanese Turnip, Peas and vines sole advanced budburst date and budburst % than other treatments. On the other hand Clover treatment delayed budburst in this respect. As for fertility indicators intercropping vines by Onion, Japanese Turnip, Peas thin vines sole occupied the highest values respectively in these parameters and the minimum values achieved from the vines were intercropped with Clover. The data also showed that the fruitful shoots which have more clusters presented from the vines which intercropped by Onion and Japanese Turnip. Concerning vegetative growth data revealed that Peas, Onion and Clover treatments increased leaf area, shoot length, pruning weight/vine (kg) and enhanced wood ripening % than other treatments. As date of leaves fails, intercropping vines with Clover delayed leaves fails to November but other treatment occurred in October. Also intercropped vines with Peas, Clover and Onion have maximum values in N,P and K leaf petiole%. Average yield (Ton)/Fe. of vines, intercropping with Clover decreased the yield by about 7.4 %. On the other hand yield of vines intercropping with Peas, Onion and Japanese Turnip increased the yield by about 17.3, 49.4 and 19.8%, respectively comparing with vine sole. Also results cleared that intercropping of Clover, Peas, Onion and Japanese Turnip increased the income (L.E) / Fe. by about 8.5, 51.2, 61.4 and 47.1 % compared to sole vines (averages of two seasons under the study). From this results, it could be recommended that cultivation of Autumn and Winter agronomic crops under and between Flame Seedless grapevines, and harvested its before the main crop (grapes) led to increasing the income from farm (L. E.) .

The presented work was carried out in a grapevine farms, at Fayoum Governorate, to shed the light on seasonal fluctuation at the population density of the striped mealybug, Ferrisia virgata Cockerell and the pink hibisicus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutis Green (Pseudococcidae: Homoptera) as well as the effects of the main weather factors on the two insect population. Regular biweekly samples were taken for two successive years, from Nov. 2015 to Oct. 2017.The results indicated that all counted stages of the striped mealybug, F. virgata in the first season had two peaks on leaves of grapevine; 1 st peak was recorded at the end of Aug. and 2 nd one was recorded at the end of Sep. Regarding bunches of grapevines, only one peak was recorded in the first season at the end of Sep., in the second year, two peaks were recorded; the first peak was recorded at end of Jul. and the second one was recorded at the end of Aug..The population of M. hirsutis nymphs recorded one peak 130 nymphs/10 bunches at end of Sep.. Also, adult females recorded one peak at end of Aug. with 53 adult females/ 10 bunches while the total population of the mealybug recorded two peaks (in mid-Aug. and end of Sep.) to record 58 and 133 individuals/10 bunches. The results indicated that maximum and minimum temperatures had negative insignificant effects on nymphs, while showed positive insignificant effect on adult females and all individuals.

Growth and root distribution of 10 years old Flame Seedless grapevines grown in a sandy soil under different supporting systems were studied during 2007 and 2008 seasons. At four vineyards, five feddan/each the objective was studying the effect of the geometrical shape of four supporting systems: Telephone (Double T), Yshape, Gable and Baron shape on vines growth and roots distribution. Planting distance was 1.75 X 3.0 m between the vines and the rows for all types of supporting systems. Telephone and Yshape vines were quadrilateral cordon trained, spure pruned and vines load was 56 buds/vine. While Gable and Baron shape vines load was 64 and 96 buds/vine and trained according to quadrilateral cordon and mixed pruning respectively. Study of the grapevines root system. The results revealed that Telephone (Double T) and Y shape enhanced budburst date in comparison with Baron and Gable shape, while the later two types of supporting systems improved budburst number and percentage per vine, fruit full shoots number/vine and fertility coefficient. Also these two types had the maximum total leaf area per vine, leaf area index, shoot length, pruning wood (kg/vine) and wood ripening coefficient significantly as compare with Telephone (Double T) and Y shape during seasons of study. Concerning physical and chemical properties of the yield: Data showed that Baron and Gable shape increased these parameters and Gable shape have the highest values in TSS% and the lowest values in total acidity percentage compared with other types of supporting systems. As for total carbohydrates canes content%, leaf area (cm 2)/cluster and anthocyanin (mg) in berries skin/100 gm fresh weight, data showed that Baron shape had the highest significant values in this respect followed by Gable shape. Regarding leaf petiole N, P and K content (%) high significant values were found in the vines supported with Baron shape and the lowest values resulted from the vines trellised with Telephone (Double T) and Y-shape in the two seasons of the study. Grape vines roots systems: Data revealed that Baron and Gable shape increased total roots densities in horizontal and vertical direction and its diameters, also distance of 50 cm from vines trunk and depth of 60 cm from soil surface had the maximum values in total roots densities and its percentage, followed by upper soil layer (30 cm depth) and 25 cm distance. While minimized values resulted from deeper layer (90 cm depth) and third distance from the trunk (75 cm). Therefore Baron and Gable supporting systems seems to be better than Telephone (Double T) and Yshape and preferable to maintain reasonable yield with good quality from Flame Seedless grapevines.

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