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Diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy are microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus affecting eye and kidney respectively. The patient has reported gradual loss of vision (counting finger at a distance of 70cm) in both eyes for one month associated with history of Chronic Renal Failure. In Ayurvedic classics defective urination and diminution of vision are mentioned in the context of Prameha (Diabetes mellitus). Ophthalmoscopic examination revealed haemorrhages and fluid collection at the level of retina especially at macula due to microvascular damage. The derangement of Pittadosha (humor)by improper dietary habits and irregular lifestyle result in the vitiation of Raktha, which is more evident in eyes. The condition showing clinical similarity with Sannipathika Kacha, a disease affecting Dhrishtipatala of the eye. The logical interpretation on the basis of both subjective and objective clinical findings concluded the diagnosis as Pittadhika Sannipathika Kacha. The treatment principle adopted was Rakthasthambhana, Pittakaphasophahara, Abhisyandhahara and Srothovisodhana with good metabolic control. The treatment was planned without giving any internal herbal medicines except medicated porridge. After treatment his vision has improved as 6/24 (Rt. Eye) and 6/12 (Lt. eye). The study discusses about the Ayurvedic management of diabetic retinopathy associated with chronic renal failure.

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Ayurveda is one of the most renowned traditional systems of medicine that has survived and flourished from ages till date. The two basic aims of Ayurvedic science is to maintain the health of healthy person and curing the ill health of the diseased. Here is a comprehensive review of the Ayurvedic classical texts, to understand the Ayurvedic perspectives of immunomodulation w.s.r. to its significance in preventing emerging infections like COVID 2019 pandemic. Background: The review is prepared based on the Ayurvedic perspectives and practices of immunity described in various classical Ayurvedic text books like Brhitrayis, Laghutrayis, their commentaries and published research articles. Review Results: Ayurveda enlists various enhancers of immunity, which include Dinacharya (daily regimen), Ritucharya (seasonal regimen), proper diet, exercise, specific foods like milk, Rasayanas like Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia), meditation, Yoga-pranayama, Achara Rasayana (good conduct of behaviour). The concept of Vyaadhiksamatva is not merely immunity against a specific infectious agent or disease like the concept of modern medicine. Rather, it denotes resistance against the loss of integrity, proportion and inter-relationship amongst the individual’s Doshas (biohumours) and Dhatus (tissues), which can be increased by various methods mentioned in Ayurveda. Conclusion: New infections are emerging which are not manageable by conventional medicine like the COVID 2019 pandemic. Soit is high time to educate people about the valuable teachings on leading a healthy and subsequently a happier life with the help of the immunomodulatory techniques described in Ayurveda.