This paper presents results of the research on the efficiency of the Diesel engines of the fleet vehicles fed with the new type of second-generation biofuel BIOXDIESEL at non-stationary and stationary conditions and natural operation on roads. The BIOXDIESEL fuel used for the laboratory testing of physical and chemical properties, engine tests and natural road operation, which is a blend of fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE) obtained from the waste vegetable and animal fats, bioethanol and Diesel fuel. For the testing, several different types of vehicles have been used: passenger vehicles, small parcel delivery vans, agriculture machines and heavy trucks used for long distance international transport. The results of the vehicles engines testing in non-stationary conditions, results of measurement engines performance on vehicle test bed and results of natural road operation on roads of the vehicles used for testing indicate quasi-identical efficiency of the engines, which were fueled with BIOXDIESEL fuel and standard Diesel. The paper also presents results of initial research, which indicates the direction of future research, which is related to increase the calorific value of the biofuels, which may be obtained by replacement of used bioethanol with the heavier alcohols of renewable resources. Physical and chemical properties of the heavier alcohols indicate the possibility to use them as an additive to the biofuels. The paper presents also results of initial engine tests with a blend of the fuel with different heavier alcohols.

The paper presents results of testing of the fleet of the parcel delivery vehicles, equipped with the Diesel engines fed by biofuel BIOXDIESEL, manufactured on the way of the ethanol esterification process of the waste vegetable and animal fats, with the addition of the standard diesel fuel and pure ethanol. The comparison results of the vehicles test bed on the beginning of the testing and at the end of the testing, when vehicles were fueled with standard diesel and testing biofuel. The results of the testing at non-stationary states are also presented. The paper presents also results of the drivers evaluation of the performance of the vehicles based on the questionnaire. Presented results show that the BIOXDIESEL fuel is fully replaceable to the standard diesel fuel.

Biodiesel fuel is covering more and more place in the market. The reason is a limited fossil fuels resources and the need to reduce emission of harmful substances by application of the fuel made of renewable resources. Currently in Poland and in Europe, the Fatty Acid Methyl Esters are used as biocomponent of the biodiesel fuel or it is used as pure biodiesel fuel. This paper presents the research on the biofuel, which contains mainly Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters, (the energetic value of FAEE is higher than FAME) and mineral Diesel fuel is a small addition. This paper presents research on the improvement of the compression ignition behaviour and combustion effectiveness of the second generation biofuel BIOXDIESEL, which contains up to 75% of biocomponents (FAEE with bioethanol) with addition of mineral Diesel fuel. Improvement of the auto-ignition properties is achieved through the multi-component composition of Bioxdiesel fuel and dosing of enriching additives. The quality of the fuel has been evaluated during engine testing and during laboratory measurement of fuel parameters. Whereas satisfactory results show that it is appropriate to supplement the composition of biofuels produced from waste vegetable and animal fats and alcohol with the refining additive.

Paper presents schematic description of the research covering production mechanism of Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters (FAEE) from waste vegetable and animal fats, which are creating a base for multi-component fuel BIOXDIESEL as well as results of physical, chemical analysis and results of engine and vehicles tests. The characteristic of wasted material used for production of fatty acid ethyl esters is showed. Cybernetic chain of biofuel BIOXDIESEL, system analysis and structure and scheme of the chemical reaction of Ethanol esterification of fatty acids is presented. Basic properties of exemplary BIOXDIESEL and Diesel fuel were compared. Caloric values of investigated BIOXDIESELS are shown. Mixtures of the BIOXDIESEL fuels with various composition have been tested and compared with Diesel fuel during engine tests on the engine test bench, vehicle test dyno and drive tests. The diesel engines of Fiat 1.3 Multijet, Mercedes300D, Landrover and ADCR compression ignition engine were tested with biofuels. Functional schema of the measurement set up is described. Cyclodynes obtained during testing of the ADCR engine fuelled with Diesel and BIOXDIESEL fuels with their centres of gravity are presented. Obtained and described results in the form of tables and graphs can be summarized with conclusions, that the performance of engines fuelled with BIOX-DIESELS is similar to engines fuelled with Diesel fuel.