applications of these drugs are contraindicated from the points of gastroenterologist. 4. We earlier proved clearly that the small doses of capsaicin (given orally in doses of nanogram to microgram / kg in animal experiments and 200 to 800 µg in human observations) prevents the aspirin, indomethacin (a mixed COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitor)-induced gastrointestinal mucosal damage. Aims: 1. The development and pharmaceutically production of the planned production of new gastrointestinal mucosal protective drug (capsaicin alone and/or capsaicin in combination with different nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) for the use in human healthy beings and in patients. 2. For the development and production of a new drug, we had to respect the following aspects: a. the knowledge of the chemical composition of natural origin capsaicin(oids); b. problems of the analytical measurements of capsaicin(oids) in the biological samples (in animals and humans); c. correct and complete preclinical dossier; d. correct dossier of acute and chronic toxicological studies with capsaicin (including the different tests) in two speciments of animal experiments; e. existence of a complete drug master file (DMF); f. the exclusion of pesticides, fusariums, aflatoxin and other toxicological agents (which are used during the plant cultivation in the different countries) from the capsaicin(oids) preparations used for drug production; g. to collect the necessary permissions from the different international and national authrorities before starting of pharmaceutical production of drug alone or in combinations; h. different pharmaceutical controlling measurements and other pharmaceutical aspects of planned drug or drug combinations (such as stability, drug preparation, different pharmaceutical technologies, etc.); i. preparation of different protocols for human human phase examinations (especially for human phase I.); j. to receive the permissions from the the different national authorities to carried out the prepared protocols before starting of the classical pharmacological studies; k. to gather the necessary numbers of experts from the very different scientific fields, who are able to solve all of above mentioned scientific, pharmaceutical, research problems (in animal experiments and in human observations); l. to find accredited institutes to perform human clinical pharmacological (phase) examinations. 2. When we solved all of above scientific problems, the human phase I. examinations with capsaicin alone and with combination+aspirin and capsaicin+diclofenac, the human phase I. examinations were in the

The effects of prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) have been studied on the gastric secretion and the serum level of immunoreactive gastrin in pylorus-ligated and antrectomized rats. It has been observed that: (1) a significant inhibition of gastric secretion (volume and acid output) was caused by PGE₂, applied in doses of 75, 150 and 300 μg/kg body weight, subcutaneously, in both pylorus-occluded and antrectomized rats: PGE₂ inhibition of gastric secretion was more pronounced in rats with antrectomy; (2) no significant changes were found in the serum gastrin levels of both pylorus-ligated and antrectomized rats, and (3) no significant changes in serum levels of immunoreactive gastrin were produced by different doses of PGE₂, in comparison with their marked inhibitory effects on gastric H⁺ secretion. It was concluded that there is no essential role of the immunoreactive gastrin, originated from the antral part of the stomach, neither in development of gastric hypersecretion nor in PGE₂-produced inhibition on gastric secretion of the pylorus-occluded rats.

Primycin is a 36-membered marginolactone antibiotic that is biosynthesized through the modular type I polyketide synthase pathway produced by Saccharomonospora azurea, a Gram-positive, soil-dwelling filamentous bacteria. In industrial-scale batch fermentation the primycin-producing strain is cultivated in a complex fermentation media empirically optimized for antibiotic production. To determine the role of various fatty acids on primycin production, the effect of stearic acid (C18:0), palmitic acid (C16:0), lauric acid (C12:0), capric acid (C10:0), enanthic acid (C7:0), caproic acid (C6:0), and butyric acid (C4:0) in growth medium was studied. Our results clearly show that palmitic acid was a better alternative of the originally applied stearic acid in all tested concentrations, while 4.5 g/L proved to be the most effective.

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