Printing techniques are a promising way of fabricating low-cost electronics without the need for masking and etching. In recent years, additive printing techniques, such as inkjet and screen printing, have been adopted to fabricate low-cost and large-area electronics on flexible substrates. In this work, a three-axial normal and shear force sensor was designed and printed that consists of four miniaturized, printed capacitors. The partially overlapping electrodes are arranged in a manner, so that force sensitivity in orthogonal directions is achieved. A silicone rubber is used as an elastic dielectric and spacer between the two electrodes. The base unit of this sensor has been fabricated using inkjet printing and characterized for normal and shear forces. The force response was investigated in a force range from 0.1 N to 8 N, the normal-force sensitivity was determined to be Sz=5.2 fF/N, and the shear-force sensitivity was Sy=13.1 fF/N. Due to its sensing range, this sensor could be applicable in tactile sensing systems like wearables and artificial electronic skins.

The role of the double bond and allyl radical resonance energy has been investigated in the reaction F+C3H5I→IF+C3H5. The vibrational state distributions of the IF product from this reaction and from the corresponding saturated iodo-hydrocarbon reaction F+C3H7I→IF+C3H7 have been determined using laser-induced fluorescence. A bimodal distribution for the reaction F+C3H5I has been observed in contrast to the monotonically decreasing distribution for the reaction F+C3H7I. The bimodal distribution consists of a monotonically decreasing branch, identical to the results for the case of F+C3H7I, and an inverted branch which accounts for the majority of vibrational excitation. The statistical part of the distribution is ascribed to an abstraction mechanism with 〈 f′v〉I =0.07, whereas the inverted part can be explained in terms of an addition–elimination mechanism with 〈 fv〉II =0.59. The branching ratio for the two channels is 5.7:1 in favor of the addition–elimination mechanism. The spectra show that the allyl radical product resonance energy is transformed into vibrational excitation of IF for mechanism II. This can be understood in mechanistic terms.

Nascent IF molecules in various vibrational‐rotational manifolds of the electronic ground state have been prepared in a molecular beam experiment. High‐resolution laser spectroscopy has been applied to determine accurate band head positions and band origins of the B→X transition. Dunham coefficients have been calculated for the X1Σ+ and B3Π(O+) states. The hyperfine structure of the rotational lines has been observed.

Rovibronic levels of the IF B 3Π(0+) state have been selectively excited using a cw dye laser in a crossed-molecular-beam experiment in which IF molecules were synthesized in the X 1∑+ ground state. Einstein A coefficients have been obtained from the fluorescence spectra. RKR potentials, Franck–Condon factors, and r centroids have been calculated using recently determined molecular constants for the X and the B state. The r-centroid approximation was found to be valid for the B–X system of IF and the variation of the electronic transition moment with the internuclear distance was determined. Over a range of the internuclear distance, 1.9<r<2.4 Å, the electronic transition moment was found to increase by as much as a factor of 2.4.

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