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Using simple combustion apparatus the effect of wood fibres on the flammability properties of Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) was studied. Composite samples were prepared with LDPE and Kola Nitida (KN), and LDPE and Alstonia Boonei (AB) with fibre contents of 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt. %. Test results show that ignition time and time for auto-combustion increased with increasing fibre content for both composite types. The flame propagation rate decreased with increasing fibre content for both composite samples. At 20 wt.%, LDPE/KN had about 650% and 1032% increment in ignition time and auto combustion time respectively, and showed a decrease of about 200% in FPR value, while LDPE/AB had about 290 % and 180 % increment in ignition time and auto combustion time respectively, and showed a decrease of about 110% in FPR value. The results show that LDPE/KN composites show better flame retardancy properties over LDPE/AB composites at 20 wt% fibre content.

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Groundnut shells were modified through functionalization and carbonization processes to produce three distinct adsorbents for adsorption of Pb (II) ions from aqueous solution. Adsorption studies was carried out under varying conditions of pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage, metal ion concentration and temperature after the results were documented. Batch adsorption experiments revealed that the adsorbents performed optimally at a pH of 11 and the adsorption process was dependent upon changes in contact time. Adsorption capacity was observed to increase with increase in adsorbent dosage and decrease with increase in lead ion concentration across all adsorbents. Highest metal ion removal was by the GS-KOHC where 239.86 mg/g of lead ion was removed from the aqueous solution followed by the GS-HCLC at 228.0750 mg/g and then the GS-TPP adsorbent was least at 179.1235 mg/g.