No abstract

Background. In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of allergic diseases of the respiratory organs, especially in children. The predictor of the further development of bronchial asthma is sensitizing at an early age to the allergens of chicken egg. The use of new knowledge about the allergenic components of the chicken egg will predict the risks and clinical features of the disease. Despite the importance, the problem of morphogenesis of allergic inflammation of the wall of the trachea is not sufficiently studied, so far many issues are not found in morphology and require further research. Objective.The aim of the study is to establish morphological changes in the tracheal membranes in experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation of the airways of guinea pigs. Methods. The thickness of tracheal wall of 48 male guinea pigs was investigated by histological, morphometric, statistical methods on the twenty-third, thirty-sixth, thirty-sixth and forty-fourth days after the initiation of the experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation of the airways. Results. We have found, that maximum statistically significant thickening is shown in the late period of tracheal mucosa in 2 times on the 44th day of observation and tracheal submucosa in the 3rd experimental group on the 36th day of observation (increasing coefficient 2) compared to the control. However, the thinning of tracheal submucosa is observed in the early period of the inflammatory process on the 23rd and 30th day of observation. It has been proved, that the allergic inflammation of the tissues of the trachea caused by the sensitization and allergization of ovalbumin leads to the change in the thickness of layers of trachea in the chronobiological aspect. Conclusion. On the 23rd and 30th days of the experiment, thinning of tracheal mucosais observed due to damage of epithelial cells. Thickening of tracheal mucosa and submucosa was found in the third and fourth groups of observation (late period of allergic inflammation) compared with animals of the intact group and the control group due to an increase in the area of loose connective tissue, which is a consequence of the continuation of the allergic inflammatory process in the trachea after the end of the experiment.

The present study was aimed to evaluate the possibility of using anti-human monoclonal antibody CD3 as pan T-cell marker in the guinea pigs’ trachea and lung in early and late manifestations of the allergic inflammatory process. Materials and methods.We have studied the distribution and quantitative changes of CD3-positive lymphocytes in trachea and lung of guinea pigs using histological, immunohistochemical, statistical methods in conditions of experimental inflammatory process. Results. Our results revealed the applicability of anti-Human monoclonal antibody CD3 (Clone SP7, «DAKO», Denmark) cross-reaction with T-cells of guinea pigs’ tracheas and lungs. The most statistically significant elevation of the number of CD3-positive lymphocytes, in comparison with the control group (p*/**<0.05), observed in the experimental group III in the late stages of experimental inflammatory process. The elevation of the number of CD3-positive lymphocytes persists even after the termination of the allergen action, which indicates the continuation of the reaction of pulmonary local adaptive immunity to the allergen. Conclusions. The results of our study may be useful in conditions of the deficiency of guinea pig-specific tests. The immunohistochemical assessment of guinea pigs’ trachea and lungs proved the possibility to use anti-Human monoclonal antibody CD3 as a panT-cell marker in guinea pigs. We demonstrated the activation of adaptive immune response (T-cells), represented by their immunohistochemical changes, predominantly in the late stages of experimental inflammatory process.