The work is devoted to the study of the possibility of using transverse reinforcement to increase the bearing capacity of masonry from aerated concrete blocks and the development of a calculation method that allows to quantify the proposed reinforcement. The need for the formulation of such studies was due to the lack of regulatory data regarding the reinforcement of the masonry concrete blocks, as well as an increase in production volumes and demand for cellular concrete. The results of experimental studies of masonry of aerated concrete blocks, reinforced by welded meshes under the short-term action of axial compressive loads are presented. The effect of increasing the carrying capacity due to the constraint of deformation of the masonry due to transverse reinforcement is revealed. The reinforcement rods of welded meshes, located in horizontal mortar joints, possessing a much greater modulus of elasticity than the masonry, prevent the development of masonry deformations in the transverse direction and, thereby, create lateral compression stresses. The proposed and experimentally confirmed by the authors method of increasing the carrying capacity of compressed elements, based on the principle of transverse (indirect) reinforcement of stone materials, can be applied to the laying of concrete blocks.

In this article discusses the mechanical properties of foam concrete, which submitted based on the experimental data of long force resistance and deformation of compression elements from foam concrete. Also submitted criterion range of strength and deformation characteristics of foam concrete different structural modification with taking into account the permanently acting load, which necessary for calculation and design structures of buildings. In article such characteristics of foam concrete as durability and deformability at the age of 28 days by results of short-term tests and also influence of average density and a type of structure on its durability and deformability are considered. Change of mechanical properties of foam concrete in time by results of short-term tests is analyzed and studied. Experimental and theoretical researches which have in turn allowed to recommend for rationing of value of settlement characteristics the foam of concrete taking into account their variability, aging and duration of action of loading are executed.

The problem of use of hi-tech macroporous concrete in load-carrying structures of low-rise buildings is designated and the forthcoming research problems of power resistance and deformation of the compressed and bent elements from foam concrete of natural solidification are formulated. Results of pilot researches of intense state of strain of the compressed and bent elements from foam concrete of average density of 1200-1600 kg/m3 of different structural modification in the conditions of short-term and long action of loading are provided. It is established that foam concrete meet for nonrigid indicators regulatory requirements and take the intermediate place between full-strength cellular and light concrete on expanded aggregates that creates premises for their successful application in the bearing concrete and reinforced concrete constructions. Deformation and strength characteristics of foam concrete of different structural modifications taking into account the impact of the long processes caused by solidification of concrete and external power factors, necessary for calculation and structural design are offered. The received results of researches will allow to project rationally bearing and enclosing structures from foam concrete that leads to increase in technological level of monolithic construction.

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Results of tests of compressed masonry elements from small cellular blocks with foam concrete cores with short-term action of axial load are presented. The nature of the destruction of experimental elements with various reinforcement schemes and the degree of joint work of monolithic foam concrete with gas silicate masonry in a complex structure is established. The strength of these complex structural elements was evaluated and the effectiveness of their application was shown to increase the load-bearing capacity of masonry of walls and pillars in the construction of buildings of small and medium storeys. The strength gain of the compressed elements, due to the reinforcement of the cores with spatial frames, ranged from 10,5 to 12,5 %, the deviation of the theoretical strength values of the centrally compressed complex sections from the experimental ones did not exceed 10 %. One and a half-two-fold reserve of strength of solid and reinforced by foam concrete cores of masonry in case of its application in bearing walls of five-storey building was revealed.