No abstract

Urbanization leads to chemical pollution. Contaminants accumulate in feed and enter animal body through digestive tract. Numerous studies have established that the level of mineral content in the environment reflects the technogenic load on the territory and is transmitted in the system through products of plant and animal origin, which can be used to prevent and correct elementoses. This research featured feathers of Indian peafowls Pavo cristatus (n = 33), diet components (n = 303), their drinking water (n = 94), soil (n = 123), and snow (n = 204). The micro-elemental profile was defined using an atomic absorption spectrometer. The samples were obtained from zoological institutions of Mosco w, Ivanovo, and Yaroslavl. As for the feathers, the average Zn accumulation level was 122.74 ± 9.64 mg/kg, Cu – 5.36 ± 0.05 mg/kg, Fe – 508.06 ± 56.84 mg/kg, Pb – 6.75 ± 1.13 mg/kg, Cd – 1.65 ± 0.26 mg/kg, and As – 0.61 ± 0.23 mg/kg. The variability of the concentration of microelements in the sample was as follows, %: Zn – 73.9, Cu – 94.3, Fe – 111.6, Pb – 150.0, Cd – 136.88, and As – 203.87. The average levels of accumulation of elements in the biological media decreased in the following order: Fe > Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd > As. The share of Zn in the total of all determined elements was 0.7–48.0%, Cu – 0.04–2.8%, Fe – 46.2–92.8%, Pb – 0–2.5%, Cd – 0–2.5%, and As – 0–4.6%. The diet analyses showed the following results for Moscow, Ivanovo, and Yaroslavl, respectively: Zn – 11.35, 6.60, and 2.50 mg; Cu – 2.29, 0.75, and 0.41 mg; Fe – 55.83, 30.54, and 6.78 mg; Pb – 0.14, 0.18, and 0.01 mg; Cd – 0.02, 0.01, and 0.005 mg; As – 0.04, 0.02, and 0.002 mg. If the birds consumed all the food they received, the approximate total daily intake of the selected essential microelements Zn was 16.7–75.7% of the recommended daily intake, Cu – 13.7–76.3%, and Fe – 48.4–398.79%. Pb, Cd and As stayed within the daily norm. The oral route of intake was registered for Zn, Cu, and Fe in Yaroslavl and for Cd in all samples. Inhalation was registered as the main route of intake for Fe in Moscow and Ivanovo, as well as for As and Pb in Moscow. The highest intake of Pb was registered in Ivanovo and Yaroslavl. The analysis revealed the multi-route and multi-environment exposure of urban birds to microelements, including heavy metals. The level of concentration of essential microelements in the biological media depended on the diet. Fe in Moscow and Ivanovo and As in all the samples came from the soil cover, which had a high content of these elements. The gross content of Pb in the soil samples from Moscow and the drinking water from Yaroslavl and Ivanovo demonstrated the greatest impact on the avian organism. The snow samples had the least effect on the el emental status of the bioenvironments.

No abstract

In Russia, raw materials of plant origin are used in the production of national beverages and food products. Many plots for the cultivated crops are located near urbanized areas, oil refineries, and machine-building plants. The research focuses on determining the concentration of heavy metals in soil in urbanized and rural areas. The content and transition of heavy metals to rhubarb and its processed product - kvass produced by various technologies have been identified as well. The purpose of this study is to determine the content of certain trace elements and heavy metals in soil, rhubarb, and its processed product - kvass made in different ways. The level of copper and lead in soil in rural areas has been found to be considerably higher than in the city. The concentration of cadmium and zinc is higher in the urbanized area. In the soils of rural and urbanized areas, the concentration of all the metals studied is sure to be higher than in the background levels. This indicates that soil contamination is caused not only by natural presence of elements but anthropogenic pollution as well. In analysis of transition and character of trace element accumulation in a soil-plant system, there is a strong link between the level of Pb, Cd in the soil and a plant (r = 0.81 and 0.71; respectively). In analysis of transition and character of trace element accumulation in a soil-plant system, there is a strong link between the level of Pb, Cd in the soil and a plant (r = 0.81 and 0.71; respectively). In the course of the study we found a symbateness between the content of trace elements in the soil and rhubarb: a reliable very strong, close to functional, direct link between the level of Zn, Pb and Cu (r = 0.97; 0.90 and 0.67, respectively; at р <0.05). When studying the cross-environments transition of trace elements from soil to plants, a significant direct weak bond was established only for Cu (r = 0.31), Zn (r = 0.33) and Pb (r = 0.35). In the raw material-product system, there is a reliable symbateness between the level of metal in kvass and the concentration in vegetable crops in terms of Zn (r = 0.32), Cu (r = 0.46) and Cd (r = 0.38). No other reliably significant links have been established. Plant material produced according to organic production principles and the processing technology we’ve developed contribute to both the least impact on its constituent parts and the increased macro- and microelements content, the content of toxic elements remaining within the limits of the existing regulatory documents.

Қазақстан Республикасы Ұлттық ғылым академиясы "ҚР ҰҒА Хабаршысы" ғылыми журналының Web of Science-тің жаңаланған нұсқасы Emerging Sources Citation Index-те индекстелуге қабылданғанын хабарлайды. Бұл индекстелу барысында Clarivate Analytics компаниясы журналды одан əрі the Science Citation Index Expanded, the Social Sciences Citation Index жəне the Arts & Humanities Citation Index-ке қабылдау мəселесін қарастыруда. Web of Science зерттеушілер, авторлар, баспашылар мен мекемелерге контент тереңдігі мен сапасын ұсынады. ҚР ҰҒА Хабаршысының Emerging Sources Citation Index-ке енуі біздің қоғамдастық үшін ең өзекті жəне беделді мультидисциплинарлы контентке адалдығымызды білдіреді. НАН РК сообщает, что научный журнал «Вестник НАН РК» был принят для индексирования в Emerging Sources CitationIndex, обновленной версии Web of Science. Содержание в этом индексировании находится в стадии рассмотрения компанией Clarivate Analytics для дальнейшего принятия журнала в the Science Citation Index Expanded, the Social Sciences Citation Index и the Arts & Humanities Citation Index. Web of Science предлагает качество и глубину контента для исследователей, авторов, издателей и учреждений. Включение Вестника НАН РК в Emerging Sources Citation Index демонстрирует нашу приверженность к наиболее актуальному и влиятельному мультидисциплинарному контенту для нашего сообщества.