Abstract-In the context of the NextGen and SESAR future airspace programmes, this paper describes a concept for an Airborne Separation Assurance (ASAS) display, that is designed to aid pilots in their task of self-separation, by visualizing the possibilities for conflict resolution that the airspace provides. This work is part of an ongoing research towards an ecological design of a separation assistance interface that can present all the relevant properties of the spatio-temporal separation problem. A work-domain analysis is described from which several perspective projections of traffic properties and travel constraints are derived. A display concept is proposed that presents heading and altitude action possibilities in a flight-path angle -track angle action space. Key issues in the current design are discussed, with recommendations for future work.

Abstract-In the context of the NextGen and SESAR future airspace programmes, this paper describes a concept for an Airborne Separation Assurance (ASAS) display, that is designed to aid pilots in their task of self-separation, by visualizing the possibilities for conflict resolution that the airspace provides. This work is part of an ongoing research towards an ecological design of a separation assistance interface that can present all the relevant properties of the spatio-temporal separation problem. A work-domain analysis is described from which several perspective projections of traffic properties and travel constraints are derived. A display concept is proposed that presents heading and altitude action possibilities in a flight-path angle -track angle action space. Key issues in the current design are discussed, with recommendations for future work.

The use of a Vibrameter for measuring vibration thresholds in clinical practice and in multicentre studies is restricted because of the moderate interobserver reliability.

In today's airspace, rapidly increasing amounts of traffic are pushing the limits of capacity and safety. In an effort to optimize available airspace, various initiatives have been undertaken to investigate future air traffic management concepts. In these efforts, a shift towards trajectory-based environments can be identified, where user needs and performance capabilities are leading to user-preferred routing, using Airborne Separation Assurance Systems. This paper describes the initial research towards an ecological design of a fourdimensional Separation Assistance interface. Based on a work-domain analysis, several perspective projections of travel constraints are proposed, as well as an initial layout for the display concept. Key issues in the current design are discussed, with recommendations for future work.

Abstract-This paper describes a methodology to use human error probabilities (HEPs) as a basis for selecting functional process units in the design phase. The method helps to understand the influence of human error (HE) on functional robustness of the units in earlier design phases, e.g., at the functional analysis level. This methodology can be used to detect the need for human operator support.The method consists of several steps. First alternative configurations of functional process units with different complexities are developed. For each configuration, a fault tree is developed to find the initiating events (failures of equipment) which lead to a chosen top event. This top event is an undesired event such as an overflowing tank. The initiating events are used to create event trees (ET) with special emphasis on operator actions, such as monitoring the process and fault diagnosis. A diagnosis diagram is used to simulate the fault diagnosis process and to identify the initiating failures. The probability of a top event due to human error can then be found, by using existing HEP-data and by normalizing the failure probabilities of the equipment. The methodology is demonstrated for two examples of functional process units each with two levels of complexity.Index Terms-Alarm management, engineering design process, fault tree, human reliability, operator support.