The physico-chemical properties of colloidal particles determine their uptake into cells. For a series of microparticles only one parameter, the mechanical stiffness, was varied, whereas other parameters such as size, shape, and charge were kept constant. The uptake was monitored in situ by analyzing individual particle trajectories including the progress of endocytosis, derived from local pH measurements around each particle. Evidence is presented that soft particles with low stiffness are transported faster to lysosomes than stiffer ones.

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We use a 3D printer to fabricate rectangular dielectric single mode waveguides for 120 GHz. The rectangular waveguides consisting of polystyrene showed an attenuation of 6.3 dB/m, which is low enough for short devices. We also characterize 3D printed Y-splitters and a 1x3-splitter based on multimode interference. Further, we construct and measure a variable planar waveguide coupler which can be used as a 3-dB coupler, a cross-coupler and no coupler at all.

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