Abstract. Significant experimental advances have been made on HL-2A tokamak along with substantial improvement and development of hardware. The three dimensional spectral structures of the low frequency zonal flow, the geodesic acoustic mode (GAM), and quasi-mode-like low frequency fluctuations have been observed simultaneously for the first time. In addition, the spectral structure of the density fluctuation at GAM frequency is also identified. A spontaneous particle transport barrier has been observed in Ohmic discharges without any external momentum input. The barrier is evidenced by particle perturbation study using modulated SMBI and microwave reflectometry. The non-local transport effect with new features induced by SMBI has been investigated. The e-fishbone instability excited by energetic electrons of non-Maxwellian distribution has been investigated via 10-channel CdTe hard x-ray detector. It is found that the e-fishbone is correlated with the existence of energetic electrons of 30-70 keV. The experiment shows that the suppression of m/n = 2/1 tearing modes can be sustained by ECRH with low modulation frequency of about 10 Hz. Extended confinement improvement is obtained after the mode suppression.

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