This paper includes the results of studies of the temperature effect in the range of 480–510 °C at an excess pressure of 0.35 MPa, as well as the effect of excess pressure from 0.15 to 0.55 MPa at a temperature of 500–510 °C, during the delayed coking of a decant oil obtained from a mixture of West Siberian oils and subsequent calcination in an inert atmosphere of nitrogen at 1100 °C on the microstructure and properties of the needle coke. Properties such as absolute density, volatile-matter yield, ash, sulfur, and trace element contents were analyzed to evaluate the quality of the “green” and calcined coke. The microstructure of the obtained coke was analyzed by means of X-ray diffraction, for which the evaluation criteria were the interplanar spaces d 002 and d 100, as well as the crystallite sizes L c and L a. The scanning electron microscopy method was used to confirm the results of the formed structure of petroleum coke analysis obtained earlier. The calcined samples were assigned to needle cokes with stringy-circular flow domain anisotropy.

No abstract

This paper presents the results of studies on the production of coke at excess pressures of 0.15, 0.25, and 0.35 MPa with delayed coking of shale tar obtained by pyrolysis of oil shale in the Baltic Basin. To assess the quality of the resulting coke, properties such as the absolute density, yield of volatile substances, ash content, and total porosity were analyzed. The microstructure of the resulting coke was analyzed by X-ray diffraction, for which the evaluation criteria were the interplanar spaces d 002 and d 100 and the sizes of the Lc and La crystallites. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique was used to confirm the results of the analysis of the formed structure of shale coke obtained earlier. The calcined samples were classified as cokes with an isotropic structure. In addition, the fractional composition of the obtained gasoline and gas oil fractions of delayed coking of shale resin was analyzed.

No abstract

Введение В результате деятельности нефтехимических, химических, металлургических и других предприятий образуются большие количества сточных и технологических вод, содержащих органические загрязнители (нефть и нефтепродукты) и тяжелые металлы (Fe, Cu, Zn, Cr, Al, Cd и др.), являющиеся самыми распространенными загрязнителями гидросферы [5]. Одним из способов очистки таких вод являются сорбционные процессы, использующие как искусственные, так и природные материалы (угли, торф, диатомит, опоки, кварцевые пески, цеолиты и др.). Стоимость природных сорбентов существенно Abstract This work is devoted to study of the physico-chemical properties (abrasion, crindabitity, heterogeneity, etc.) wastes of oil shale processing shale fines and shale ash and a detailed analysis of their chemical and mineral compositions to determine the possibility of using this material as a filter material for water purification from organic pollutants. Determined that shale fines and shale ash meet the requirements of GOST R 51641-200 "granular filter Material". According to this GOST growth of solids should not exceed 20 mg/dm 3 (shale fines-4 mg/dm 3 , oil shale ash-10 mg/dm 3), the value of work should not exceed 4 % of shale fines by 0,3-0,5 %, shale ash-0,7-0,8 %), and the value of resistance to abrasion-0,5 % (shale fines-0,1 %, the oil shale ash-0,4-0,5 %. Shale ash and oil shale fines that are rich in oil or mineral oil after the sorption process, it is advisable to utilize as a fuel because they are adsorbed product will have a high calorific value.