With the development of microelectronics and sensor technology, sensors can be widely integrated into mobile phones and mobile devices, and the use of accelerator sensors to monitor human movement has a wide range of application prospects. The human body’s behavior in daily activities is closely related to the individual’s physical and mental health. Therefore, scientifically preparing and monitoring the daily exercise of the human body is very important for fitness planning and improving physical health. This article introduces an embedded acceleration sensor to investigate the daily physical activities of college students. The article lists several accelerometers commonly used to detect human physical activity, confirms the basic status of the human body motion database, and obtains the database construction process. This article selects 100 students from a certain city who participate in resources and use acceleration sensors to detect their daily physical activities for a week. The test result is that among the students surveyed, the wearing time of computer students is 5228.1 minutes for boys and 5557.3 minutes for girls; sports health science students wear 5028.9 minutes for boys and 4878.3 minutes for girls; police school students wear 6598.7 minutes for boys and 6524.1 minutes for girls.