Objectives. This study aimed to analyze if the indicator 72-hours Unplanned Return Visits after EmergencyDepartment (ED) index discharge was influenced by the patient’s age, triage severity, month, payment methods,and length of stay. Likewise, it aimed to determine if the 72-hour Unplanned Return Visits was a robust indicator inassessing the quality of Emergency Department services. Methods. This was a retrospective single-center study from January to December 2017. Data were retrievedfrom a tertiary hospital in the Philippines. All Emergency Department patients discharged on their index visitwere monitored for Unplanned Return Visits within 72 hours in the hospital. A univariate and multivariate logisticregression model was used to assess the variables associated with the 72-hour Unplanned Return Visits. Results. The 72-hour Unplanned Return Visits rate was measured at 2.67%, with the highest occurrence on thefirst 24 hours, and with predominance on third-party payer (p.<.0001), pediatrics (p.<0001), January (p<.0001),February (p<.0001), November (p<.0001), December (p<0001), and shorter length of stay (p<.0001) dischargedafter ED index visit. Conclusions. Strong association of Unplanned Return Visits during the first 72 hours after Emergency Departmentindex discharge was found for patients financed through third party-payers, with seasonal variations andinclination to the younger population with shorter length of stay. These findings warrant exploratory studies todetermine the reasons for the 72-hour Unplanned Return Visits after Emergency Department index discharge andinvestigation on the association of premature discharge, socio-economic, health structure, and illness progression.