Damage to coral reefs that have a bad impact on marine ecosystems requires serious recovery efforts considering that coral growth can take a very long time. One of the efforts that can be done can be the maintenance and cultivation of coral reefs. Besides being useful for conservation purposes, this effort also has a profit-based orientation. In order to be widely used so that it can be implemented on various lands, this maintenance and cultivation effort requires technology that supports the minimum frequency of manual water changes through a seawater recirculation system by maximizing the best filtration system integrated with overall system automation. The design of the formulation is the goal of this activity. The activity method refers to the technical guidelines for engineering the Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT) which includes conceptual design, exploration, observation, measurement, calculation, preliminary design, and detailed design. The results achieved are in the form of an automated design of dynamic filtration technology on a seawater recirculation system for coral maintenance and cultivation, which consists of a Recirculation Aquaculture System (RAS) using dynamic filters in the form of biological and chemical filters to optimize the biogeochemical cycle of nitrogen with organic carbon and CO2 supply. Automatic monitoring and control is carried out by a micro controller that controls other mechanical and electronic devices. The conclusion that can be drawn is that the automatic design of dynamic filtration technology on a seawater recirculation system for coral maintenance and cultivation has been successfully made using a skimerless and automated system.

The Pangandaran Integrated Aquarium and Marine Research Institute (PIAMARI) was developed in Pangandaran, and is equipped with public aquarium facilities. The Main Aquarium is an oceanarium in the form of a box, with a volume of 1.238 million liters, and accommodates various marine biota. This paper aims to provide an overview of the life support system used and the aquatic communities in the Main Aquarium. An inventory of principal components and equipment, the composition of biota, plankton, and ectoparasites was conducted in the oceanarium. The Main Aquarium is supported by filtration using a sand filter, protein skimmer, and an ozone generator. Water quality is maintained using the filtration combined with partial water changes. There are nine species of fish, including sharks and rays, and two species of turtles that are kept in the oceanarium, where most of the collections are omnivores, with IUCN LC conservation status and the rest NT to CR. Seven plankton genera were identified in the oceanarium (H’:1.78 and E: 0.90). There was Cryptocaryon ectoparasite infestation on the gills and skin of Trachinotus blochii with open lesions. Fish collections show different behavior and consume the fresh and artificial feed. Apart from being an edu-tourism facility, the oceanarium can act as a place for living and ex-situ culture for endangered marine biota.

PUMMA is a real-time tide gauge that has been operating in several locations in Indonesia. One of them was installed in a mangrove area of Pangandaran that supports both the fisheries and tourism sectors. Tidal dynamics is one of the factors that can affect fish abundance in the mangrove ecosystem. PUMMA Pangandaran monitors the water levels of the mangrove ecosystem in real-time 24/7 and produces CCTV images. This paper aims to analyze the performance of the PUMMA in Pangandaran based on data from water level measurements and image quality from CCTV. The results show that the tidal range in the waters of the mangrove ecosystem in Pangandaran is 1.3 m, with the maximum and minimum high tides being 0.79 m and -0.53 m. The tidal type in the mangrove ecosystem in Pangandaran is semidiurnal and affected by geometry of the estuary. The water level in the mangrove area was influenced by sediments that form a sandbar at the mouth of the Ciputrapinggan River, which controls the fluxes of seawater. There is a data gap of 368 hours during the operation period of PUMMA, and mostly due to technical problems that often occurred at the beginning of the installation. However, after March and April, its performance was improved with only three hours data gap. For the quality of CCTV images, good quality contributed to about 76.67% and only 5.06% on bad quality. Overall, PUMMA’s performance showed excellent reliability in monitoring the water levels and the conditions of the mangrove ecosystem.