In spite of the growing global initiatives towards achieving clean energy, coal remains a dominant source of electricity generation, a fuel for iron and steel production, an important entity among road construction materials and a commodity for foreign exchange earnings for many nations. Coal mining from old and active sites remains a source of an environmental problem described as acid mine drainage (AMD). AMD is produced when sulfide present in waste rocks or tailings in coal mines reacts with air and water in a microbes facilitated oxidation to form solutions with high acidity. The acids formed by these chemical and biological conditions further release heavy metals present in the host rock in concentrations higher than are acceptable by environmental standards (pb;0.01, Zn;5, Cu;2, Fe;0.3 mg/l as prescribed by WHO and Encyclopedia of Environmental Science,2000) such that soils, surface and underground waters are contaminated. Consequently, the human population which derives her livelihood in the mine zones, in form of crop production and fishing/modern aquaculture is endangered by terminal health diseases. This article aims at bringing forth, the urgent need to work towards achieving goal six of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, 2030 (SDGs-6) which is clean water and sanitation while enriching the knowledge repository of the environmental problem for the purpose of teaching, research, community services and policy making. An overview of AMD menace, variables which influence its formation, selected areas that have been impacted, and a brief analysis of its treatment cost have been discussed with a list of concluding remarks in the paper. Keywords: Coal, Mining, Environmental , AMD

Due to industrialization, there is enormous amount of heavy metals been released from anthropogenic sources into the environment. Heavy metals are considered as one of the main sources of environmental pollution since they have significant effect on the ecological quality and water in particular. These pollutants are hazardous to consumers of water that have significant quantity of these heavy metals. The population most exposed to cement polluted water includes workers in cement factories, families of workers living in Staff houses of factories like in Obajana and other neighborhood habitations. The Obajana cement factory consists of cement kilns/coolers with clinkers. The kilns are equipped with pre-heaters and Electro-Static Precipitators (ESP). The facility has raw mills, crushing operations, cement mills that are potential source of pollutants into the water bodies. Storage silos, conveyors, vehicular travel, and other unquantified fugitive source of water contamination exist in the factory. Monitoring the contamination of water with respect to heavy metals is of interest due to their influence on humans, animals and to some extent plants. A good approach to estimate how much of the water is impacted is by using the heavy metal pollution index and metal index for metal concentrations above the control points in water bodies around Obajana cement.