PURPOSE: To analyze the incidence and risk factors of posterior capsule rupture (PCR) in cataract surgery. SETTING: European clinics affiliated with the European Registry of Quality Outcomes for Cataract and Refractive Surgery (EUREQUO). DESIGN: Retrospective cross-sectional register-based study. METHODS: Data was obtained from the EUREQUO. The database contains data on demographics, comorbidities, and intraoperative complications, including PCR for the study period from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2018. Univariablte and multivariablte logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate the (adjusted) odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).RESULTS: Data was available of 2,853,376 patients and 31,749 (1.1%) cataract surgeries were complicated by a PCR. The PCR rate ranged from 0.60 to 1.65 percent throughout the years, with a decreasing trend (p <0.001). The mean age of the PCR cohort was 74.8 ± 10.5 years and 17,629 (55.5%) patients were female. Risk factors most significantly associated with PCR were corneal opacities (OR 3.21, 95% CI 3.02 -3.41, p <0.001), diabetic retinopathy (OR 2.74, 95% CI 2.59 -2.90, p <0.001), poor preoperative visual acuity (OR 1.98, 95% CI 1.88 -2.07, p <0.001), and white cataract (OR 1.87, 95% CI 1.72 -2.03, p <0.001).CONCLUSION: Risk factors for PCR were identified based on the EUREQUO and the incidence of this complication is decreasing over time.