This study aims to examine energy security in terms of crude oil and copper supply. While oil remains the leading energy commodity globally, copper is crucial for many new technologies, foremost for RES. Therefore, both oil and copper are extremely important for current and future energy security. This article contains a bivariate methodological approach to a comparative analysis of oil and copper supply: determining supply security with an Index of security of supply, and examines price stability with generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) models. This research provides evidence that there are many differences but also significant similarities between these two completely different commodities in terms of both supply security and price stability. Facing the future for RES, significant demand may cause a threat to energy security on a previously unknown scale. Therefore this instability, both supply- and price-related, appears to be the main threat to future energy security.

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One of the electromagnetic disturbances generated by distributed power sources, e.g. wind turbines, are voltage fluctuations that in many cases are an impediment to their connection to the network. An imprecise prediction of the disturbance level may be the reason for erroneous decisions made at the stage of issuing technical conditions of connection. In the authors' opinion the most common causes for decision errors can be: the lack of sufficiently precise tools for assessing the level of flicker attenuation, high uncertainty of prediction of the disturbance level after connection, and too low disturbance emission limits. This thesis is justified by the simulation and measurement results presented in the paper.

The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Paris Agreement has been announced as a crucial step towards combating the global threat of climate change. In the light of ambitious plans for further renewable energy sources development, high demand for nonenergy materials critical for RES is greatly expected. In conclusion, future energy security will be surely based on nonenergy commodities critical for them. As this article directly relates to issues related to new technologies and energy security in new form, the main purpose of this study is to examine the impact of energy commodity prices, namely crude oil, natural gas and coal prices on selected metal prices such as aluminium, chromium, cobalt, copper, lead, nickel, silver, tin, or zinc, both before and over the Paris Agreement period. We are looking for new insights in terms of relationships between traditional fossil fuels and metals used in clean energy technologies potentially established or strengthened shortly after the Paris Agreement was adopted. Currently, the analyses of the impact of institutional conditions such as global agreements (institutional factors) on the emerging or strengthening of relationships between energy and nonenergy resources are very limited. Hence, an autoregressive distributed lag and error correction model are employed.