RESUMELe paludisme constitue un problème de santé publique à Bamako et l'utilisation des plantes dans sa prise en charge est fréquente. Cependant beaucoup de menaces pèsent sur ces plantes à cause de plusieurs facteurs dont leur méconnaissance d'où la nécessité de les connaitre pour améliorer leur gestion et leur conservation. Une enquête ethnobotanique a été conduite à Bamako d'Août 2012 à Novembre 2012. Les résultats ont montré que 52 espèces reparties dans 48 genres, 24 familles sont utilisées. Les familles les plus représentées étaient les Caesalpiniaceae, les Rubiaceae, les Combretaceae, les Euphorbiaceae et les Fabaceae. Cette flore était dominée surtout par les espèces africaines et pantropicales. Le type biologique le plus nombreux était constitué par les phanérophytes. Les feuilles constituaient la partie la plus utilisée, la préparation la plus utilisée était la décoction. Les résultats de cette étude pourront ainsi contribuer à la connaissance exhaustive des plantes à visée antipaludique et à une valorisation de la médecine traditionnelle Malienne. © 2016 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved. Mots clés :Paludisme, plantes médicinales, ethnobotanique, Bamako. Medicinal plants used in traditional treatment of malaria in Bamako (Mali) ABSTRACTMalaria is a public health problem in Bamako and the use of plants in its management is common. However many threats to these plants were observed because of several factors including their lack of the need to know them to improve their management and conservation. An ethnobotanical survey was conducted in Bamako from August 2012 to November 2012. The results showed that 52 species distributed in 48 genera, 24 families are used. The most represented families were Caesalpiniaceae, Rubiaceae, the Combretaceae, M. L. DIARRA et al. / Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci. 10(4): 1534-1541, 2016 1535 Euphorbiaceae and Fabaceae. This flora was dominated mostly by African and pan-tropical species. The largest biological type was made by phanerophytes. The leaves are the most used part of the most common preparation was the decoction. The results of this study could contribute to the comprehensive knowledge of plants with antimalarial properties and valorization of traditional Malian medicine.

Objectives: Most of the currently used anticancer drugs are highly toxic and expensive. There is a continuing need to identify new drugs that are more effective and less toxic. Plants are an important source of potentially useful compounds for the development of new anticancer drugs. Methodology and results: This work was used to study the antioxidant activity of two extracts of Ximenia americana (Tallow wood) by the methods of ABTS •+ and DPPH using ascorbic acid as standard. It determined the rate of total phenolic in these extracts by the Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) method using Gallic acid as standard. The extracts inhibited the absorbance of DPPH • depending concentrations attesting that extracts of this plant contains antioxidants. The calculated IC50 are 2.78 and 4.05 µg/mL for ethanolic and aqueous extracts respectively with DPPH • . Phenolic rates are 43.10; 41; 2 mg/mL respectively for alcoholic and aqueous extracts. Conclusion and application of results: Future studies can be oriented on the isolation and identification of compounds involved in an anti-cancerous activity. The knowledge of this plant could be used to build an appropriate conservation strategy for this specie.

Au Mali, Ziziphus mauritiana est une plante alimentaire et médicinale utilisée dans la  prévention et la prise en charge de la malnutrition. Ce travail rentrait dans le cadre de la valorisation des plantes alimentaires avec comme objectif, l’évaluation de la qualité botanique, physicochimique, phytochimique et de l’activité anti radicalaire des fruits de Ziziphus mauritiana largement consommés au Mali. Les fruits analysés ont été achetés dans les régions de Mopti, Nioro, Ségou et Sikasso. Les caractères macroscopiques, organoleptiques et granulométriques ont été examinés en se basant sur les organes de sens tandis que les éléments microscopiques étaient observés au microscope. Les éléments physicochimiques et phytochimiques ont été déterminés en utilisant des méthodes standards de laboratoire. L’activité anti radicalaire a été évaluée en utilisant le test de réduction du radical DPPH par CCM. Les résultats ont montré que les échantillons récoltés dans différentes localités présentent globalement les mêmes caractères botaniques, physicochimiques, phytochimiques et une activité antiradicalaire. Ces caractères peuvent servir d’éléments de contrôle des fruits de Ziziphus mauritiana en vue de son utilisation pour la prévention et la prise en charge de la malnutrition.   In Mali, Ziziphus mauritiana is a food and medicinal plant used in the prevention and management of malnutrition. For the valorization of food plants, the objective of this work was to evaluate the botanical, physicochemical, phytochemical quality and the antiradical activity of the fruits of Ziziphus mauritiana widely consumed in Mali. The analyzed fruits were purchased in the regions of Mopti, Nioro, Ségou and Sikasso. The macroscopic, organoleptic and granulometric characters were examined based on the sense organs while the microscopic elements were observed under the microscope. Physicochemicals and phytochemicals were determined using standard methods. The anti-radical activity was evaluated using the DPPH radical reduction test by TLC. The results showed that the samples collected in different localities generally present the same botanical, physicochemical, phytochemical characters and an antiradical activity. These characters can serve as fruit control elements of Ziziphus mauritiana in view to its use for the prevention and management of malnutrition.

The quality of agri-food products, in particular those of poultry origin, has now become an imperative. Because of the antibiotics used in poultry production, we are seeing the presence of antibiotic residues in products from poultry farming, especially eggs. Residues in eggs do not always comply with regulatory requirements, which can have harmful consequences for consumers such as: risk of allergies or risk of antibiotic resistance. This study was carried out with the aim of evaluating the presence of residues of veterinary antibiotics in eggs produced and marketed in the district of Bamako and surroundings. All samples were analyzed using the Premi ®Test which is a rapid detection kit for antibiotic residues in different materials. We collected 900 eggs from 10 farms and 10 markets in Bamako. Out of 900 eggs, 228 were tested. One hundred and eighty-nine (189) eggs tested negative for the presence of antibiotic residues, i.e. 82.9%; on the other hand, 39 were positive, i.e. 17.1%. This study clearly shows the presence of antibiotic residues in eggs from farms and various markets in Bamako and the surrounding area. This will allow us to continue our study at a later date to identify the types of antibiotic and to dose them.