Background Dengue infection is one of the main cause of morbidity and mortality in children in Indonesia. Since it is known that earlier treatment and supportive therapies can decreased case fatality rate from dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), identification of children who have risks to develop to DHF must be quickly identified, mainly in areas of endemic. Objective To find a correlation between increased quantitative secreted nonstructural protein-1 (sNS1) with clinical course of severe dengue infections. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted on children with dengue infections in Tropical Infections Division of Child Health Department, Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar. Detection of the dengue antigen was made by examining sNS1 quantitative immuno-assay. Analysis correlation of Spearman test was used to look the relationship between increased quantitative sNS1 with clinical course of severe dengue infections. Results There was a positive relationship between quantitative sNS1 and clinical course of severe dengue infections with a value of r = 0.903, P=0.001. Increased sNS1 level had a positive correlation with more severe dengue infections. Conclusions Quantitative sNS1 titer has a strong positive correlation with clinical course of severe dengue infections.

Background: Febrile neutropenia is defined as a fever with a temperature more than or equal to 38.3°C in two measurements within 24 hours and accompanied by severe neutropenia (≤500/μL). Gram-positive bacteria have been the most common cause of febrile neutropenia in children for the previous two decades. However, the contradiction in some studies reported that gram-negative bacteria were the main pathogens causing infection. Because there are differences and shifts in the bacterial spectrum, information on the bacterial pattern and antibiotic susceptibility is critical to reaching the optimal management of febrile neutropenia patients. Methods: This observational, descriptive study was conducted in Sanglah Hospital, Bali, Indonesia, involving pediatric patients (<18 years old) with febrile neutropenia. Data on antibiotic susceptibility and microbial patterns were collected retrospectively from the blood culture registry taken from febrile neutropenia patients from October 2017 to August 2020. Collected data were analyzed using the SPSS program for Windows, version 21.0. Univariate analysis was conducted, and data with a categorical scale were reported in frequency distribution and percentage, then displayed in a table and graph. Result: A total of 180 episodes of febrile neutropenia were collected from 89 patients. Among 180 blood cultures, there were found 44 (24.44%) blood cultures with positive results. A higher proportion of gram-negative organisms (33; 75%) is found compared to gram-positive organisms (11; 25%). The susceptibility rates were 100% for Azithromycin, Amoxicillin Clavulanate, Cefoperazone Sulbactam, Meropenem, Linezolid, and Doxycycline, while Cefepime, the previous empirical antibiotic, was susceptible at 79.31% isolates. Conclusion: Gram-negative bacteria were the most frequent cause of infection among febrile neutropenic patients. Although the research evidence is still weak due to the small sample size, Cefoperazone Sulbactam could be a better option to replace Cefepime as an empirical antibiotic due to its significantly higher susceptibility.

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Background Dengue infection is one of the main cause of morbidity and mortality in children in Indonesia. Since it is known that earlier treatment and supportive therapies can decreased case fatality rate from dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), identification of children who have risks to develop to DHF must be quickly identified, mainly in areas of endemic.Objective To find a correlation between increased quantitative secreted nonstructural protein-1 (sNS1) with clinical course of severe dengue infections.Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted on children with dengue infections in Tropical Infections Division of Child Health Department, Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar. Detection of the dengue antigen was made by examining sNS1 quantitative immuno-assay. Analysis correlation of Spearman test was used to look the relationship between increased quantitative sNS1 with clinical course of severe dengue infections. ResultsThere was a positive relationship between quantitative sNS1 and clinical course of severe dengue infections with a value of r = 0.903, P=0.001. Increased sNS1 level had a positive correlation with more severe dengue infections. ConclusionsQuantitative sNS1 titer has a strong positive correlation with clinical course of severe dengue infections. [Paediatr Indones. 2015;55:87-90.].