Water pollution and sea water intrusion to water sources in coastal areas result lack of provision safe drinking water by the drinking water regional company or coastal community. The existing water treatment plant that operated on brackish surface water or groundwater feed requires improving process. Membrane process could be a choice to treat the quality of brackish water to the level of potable water that designed to lower cost with high stabile flux and longer lifetime. This research focus on application of pilot plant of brackish water treatment using Ultrafiltration (UF) membrane-air lift system as pretreatment of Reverse Osmosis (RO) membrane-low pressure. Brackish water sources contain high colloidal and suspended solids that can cause fouling load of RO membranes and impair its performance. UF pretreatment operation tested by addition of compressed air into the feed (air lift system), resulted stable flux, reduces membrane fouling and low feed pressure. A flux of RO with UF pretreatment can produce drinking water of 30-61 L/m 2 •hour. It was observed, the good quality of RO permeate resulted by using a pretreatment of UF-PS (Polysulfone-UF) with total dissolved solid rejection about 96-98% and color rejection about 99-100% at 5 or 8 bars of operation pressure. This paper concludes that performance of membrane technology with UF-air lift system pretreatment and RO membrane-low pressure could be accepted as condition of brackish water source in Indonesia coastal areas in producing drinking water.

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Bamboo and gewang midrib are two materials developed as wood substitute in the shape form of lamina products. However, the disadvantage of bamboo and gewang is susceptible to destroying organisms. This paper analyzes the effectiveness of petung bamboo and gewang midrib treatment to improve its durability against destroying organisms. This research investigated the durability of petung bamboo and gewang midrib againts subterranean termites, dry wood termites, wood rotting fungi and dry wood post powder beetles. Treatments were conducted by applying boron and CCB (copper-chrome-boron) using cold immersion and modified Boucherie methods. Durability was tested according to Indonesian Standard SNI 01-7207-2006, while retention and penetration were calculated based on weight, volume, and solution concentrations. The results showed that boron was effective to improve the durability of petung bamboo againts subterranean termites, dry wood termites, and wood rotting fungi, while its resistance againts dry wood post powder beetles, boron and CCB were equally effective. Boron was more effective to improve durability to wood rotting fungi and dry wood post powder beetles in gewang midrib, while both preservatives were similarly effective against subterranean termites and dry wood termites. It is noticably that CCB treatment changed the wood natural color. Modified Boucherie method provides high retention but low penetration level compare to immersion method.

Pembangunan fasilitas air minum dan sanitasi secara swadaya merupakan salah satu cara untuk melibatkan masyarakat dalam program pembangunan. Walaupun masyarakat sudah dilibatkan, namun pemanfaatan fasilitas oleh masyarakat seringkali belum maksimal. Kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat menjadi salah satu faktor. Faktor lainnya yang kemungkinan berperan adalah karena kurang diperhatikannya aspek adat dan kepercayaan dalam proses pembangunan. Makalah ini mencoba mengkaji mengenai peran adat dan kepercayaan masyarakat dalam pembangunan fasilitas untuk meningkatkan kualitas lingkungan permukiman. Tujuannya adalah untuk memberikan salah satu aspek yang dapat diperhatikan apabila akan memberikan sosialisasi atau membangun infrastruktur sanitasi bagi masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini yaitu pengumpulan hasil-hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dari tahun 2010 sampai tahun 2016 mengenai adat dan kepercayaan di permukiman tradisional yang berpengaruh terhadap perilaku sanitasi masyarakat, yang kemudian dikomparasi dengan hasil penelitian ilmiah lain mengenai peran adat dan kepercayaan dalam peningkatan kualitas lingkungan di masyarakat secara umum. Hasil penarikan kesimpulan pada kajian ini adalah bahwa adat dan kepercayaan merupakan aspek yang cukup kental terkait dengan kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia, dimana hal ini perlu diperhatikan dalam upaya peningkatan kesadaran masyarakat mengenai sanitasi dan program-program pembangunan bidang air minum dan sanitasi. Pelibatan para pemimpin adat di masyarakat serta penggunaan slogan atau motto yang bernuansa adat setempat juga dapat dilakukan dalam program seperti sosialisasi kepada masyarakat.

The Regional Water Company (PDAM) of Sleman provides clean water to the community and charges a tariff for each cubic meter of water sold to customers. Minister of Home Affairs Regulation No. 71 of 2016 states that PDAM tariffs requiring a review every four years. Most recently tariffs set by PDAM Sleman was in 2016 therefore it requires a recalculation. Besides that, it is necessary to analyze the tariff acceptance from the service provider and service recipient’s point of view. Calculation tariff method utilized a formula based on the Minister of Home Affairs Regulation No. 71 of 2016. Acceptance analysis conducted by calculating the projection of water sales revenue, the profit to earning assets ratio, and the willingness to pay (WTP) projection of customers. Revenue projections were obtained by multiplying tariffs with the water sold volume. The WTP projection is carried out using the inflation method based on the WTP of PDAM Sleman customers from the 2007’s research. PDAM Sleman tariffs based on calculations resulted low tariffs of IDR3727.48, basic tariffs of IDR4659.36, and full rate of IDR9460.17. Based on the WTP analysis, the tariffs are feasible from the the service recipient’s point of view, which are the PDAM customers, because it is still affordable by customers for their average water consumption. Nevertheless, from the point of view of the service provider, which is PDAM Sleman, the tariffs are not feasible because the profit ratio of 0.31% is still much lower than the fairness profit ratio as 10% amount. Therefore, it is necessary to make tariff adjustments to increase profits. The adjustment strategies such as by determined tariffs only based on consumption blocks without breaking down based on customer group categories and adjusting the range of second and third consumption blocks.