This study examined the contributions of peer acceptance and friendship (i.e., number and quality) on children being relationally or overtly peer victimized. Fifth-and sixth-grade children (N= 207, 92 boys) provided self-and peer-reports of victimization, friendship, and peer acceptance. General peer acceptance and high-quality friendships uniquely predicted both overt and relational victimization. Fall victimization did not predict spring friendship quality; however, fall friendship quality did predict spring victimization levels. For children with lower peer acceptance, high-quality friendships appeared to play an especially important role in determining the targets of peer abuse. Approaches that include friendship quality as well as interactive models of relationship dimensions may be informative for understanding victimization as well as children's general adjustment.

No abstract

11Bullying in the American workplace is not a new phenomenon. Much of the research has focused on speci fi c factors of workplace hostility such as sexual harassment (Dougherty & Smythe, 2004 ) , ethnicity, gender, and age discrimination (e.g., Schneider, Hitlan, & Radhakrishnan, 2000 ) . However, the effects of destructive interpersonal relationships in the workplace on an individual's health and well-being have frequently been ignored or understated. In this chapter, we present a developmental approach to bullying but focus primarily on workplace bullying among adults and the negative consequences that this type of victimization has on physical and mental health correlates. We begin by presenting a biopsychosocial model that explores how being bullied affects mental and physical health. We then examine the construct of bullying, review existing research on bullying in schools (e.g., during childhood and adolescence), and draw parallels between research on workplace bullying and school bullying to bolster the importance of studying bullying across multiple age groups and situations. Next, we explore potential factors that may in fl uence the link between being bullied in the workplace and mental and physical health. Finally, we consider the implications of research on workplace bullying. Theoretical ModelThis chapter proposes an empirically based biopsychosocial stress model that considers being bullied as a chronic social stressor. This biopsychosocial model mirrors the general format of many biobehavioral investigations of health and illness (e.g

Purpose This study examined whether the age, ethnicity, sex, and weight of children influenced weight‐based biases. Methods Elementary school children (N = 367; boys = 177; Mage = 9.31 years) provided their perceptions of thin, average, and heavy target children. The age and ethnicity as well as the actual height and weight of each participant was also collected. Results Children rated heavier child targets more negatively than average or thin counterparts. Participant and target ethnicity did not moderate weight biases. Boys were more likely than girls to stigmatize overweight targets regardless of the target's sex. Girls were more likely to stigmatize overweight boys. Young children and those who were thinner were less biased than older and heavier children, but still rated heavier targets negatively. Conclusion The ubiquity of a negative weight bias, even in children, underscores the need for constructing plans in which to not only deal the health concerns associated with obesity but also develop strategies for children who might be physically and/or psychologically struggling with the biases associated with being overweight.

No abstract