BACKGROUNDAcute encephalitis syndrome is a group of clinical neurologic manifestation caused by wide range of viruses, bacteria, fungus, parasites, spirochetes, chemicals and toxins. According to AES guidelines-Acute encephalitis syndrome due to unknown agent is defined as a suspected case in which no diagnostic testing is performed or in which testing was performed, but no aetiological agent was identified or in which the test results were indeterminate. Acute encephalitis syndrome in children is due to interaction of several factors in combination.The aim of the study is to evaluate the sociocultural and environmental factors, which plays a major role in AES.

BACKGROUND The aim of the study is to search out the incidence of complications of measles immunisation in malnourished children. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sample selected from OPD Paediatric Department, PMCH, Patna, over a period of 1 st April, 2006, to 31 st March, 2007, during my posting period. Participants-Simple randomly selected 400 children (8-24 months) of Patna, immunised against measles. Statistical Analysis-Proportion, percentage, incidence rate, Chi-square test were performed. Design-Longitudinal study. RESULTS Total 400 children were followed up for one calendar year. There was no statistical association between age, sex and complications developed in children. Out of 400 children complications developed in 25 children among these malnutrition was the commonest risk factor (80%) and statistically significant (P<0.05) followed by other associated factors. CONCLUSION Higher incidence of complications in malnourished vaccines illustrates the government and other healthcare providers to strengthen the surveillance for vaccine-associated complications.

BACKGROUND Infant mortality is due to interaction of several factors in combination. The sociocultural factors plays a major role in infant mortality.