Congenitally unguarded tricuspid valve (TV) orifice, a variant of TV dysplasia, is a rare malformation with protean manifestations. This report describes a symptomatic adult male with gross right heart failure and atrial fibrillation, who was found to have an unguarded TV orifice with isolation of the trabecular apical cavity of the right ventricle (RV) and muscular ridges separating outflow tract (forme-fruste of the double-chambered RV). The right ventricular outflow tract remained patent.

Although acquired left ventricular outflow obstruction has been reported in a variety of conditions, there are scant reports of its occurrence following mitral valve replacement (MVR). This study describes two female patients, who developed severe discrete subaortic stenosis, five years following MVR. In both cases, the mitral valve was replaced by a porcine Carpentier-Edwards 27-mm bioprosthesis with preservation of mitral valve leaflets. The risk of very late left ventricular outflow tract obstruction after bio-prosthetic MVR with preservation of subvalvular apparatus needs to be kept in mind in symptomatic patients.

A 23-year-young female presented with mild exertional dyspnoea and palpitation since early childhood. By deploying 2D- and 3D echocardiography, she was detected to have situs solitus, atrioventricular and ventriculoarterial discordance with L-malposition of great vessels, valvular pulmonary stenosis, large secundum atrial septal defect, bicuspid aortic valve, right-sided aortic arch, and moderately severe mitral and tricuspid valve regurgitation. Typical parachute deformities of the morphologically mitral and tricuspid valves were observed. 3D echocardiography revealed a single papillary muscle in the morphologically left ventricle placed anteriorly and providing insertion to tendinous cords and only a moderator band with no other muscle bundles in the morphologically right ventricle placed posteriorly and providing attachment to two strings of cords. Considering the minimal symptoms, conservative treatment was pursued.