Aim of the study was to assess the nurses' knowledge versus performance regarding chest physiotherapy provided to children in pediatric intensive care units. Research Design: A descriptive research design was utilized. Settings: The study was conducted at Pediatric Intensive Care Units in Benha city in Benha University Hospital and Benha Pediatrics Specialized Hospital affiliated to Qualubia Governorate. Subjects: A purposive sample included fifty nurses and forty children selected from the previously mentioned settings. Tools: of data collection there were two tools, an observational checklist to assess performance and a structured interviewing questionnaire to assess knowledge. Results: the results revealed that more than three quarters of the studied nurses had unsatisfactory knowledge scores level and more than two thirds of the studied nurses are incompetent regarding performing chest physiotherapy. Conclusion: In Pediatric Intensive Care unit, the studied nurses had unsatisfactory knowledge and are incompetent in performing chest physiotherapy, there was highly statistical significant relation between nurses' performance and their qualification only. While there was highly statistical significant relation between nurses' knowledge and nurses' age, qualification and years of experience. Recommendations: Upgrading pediatric intensive care nurses' knowledge and performance regarding to chest physiotherapy through continuous in-service and in job training education program. Further studies about chest physiotherapeutic techniques performed by nurses on children in pediatric intensive care units are recommended at different settings.

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Background:Learning is an active personal process. The student is the one who experiences the learning. Teachers cannot provide the experience; they can provide only the opportunity for the experience. The central activity of the teacher in the clinical setting is Clinical teaching is to plan to provide activities that will facilities learningAim of study: To assess factors affecting learning atmosphere among pediatric nursing student at Technical Institutes of Nursing. Research design: A descriptive design was used to conduct this study. Research settings: The study was conducted at four Technical Institutes of Nursing selected randomly from Giza and Cairo governorate. Subject: One hundred and twenty pediatric nursing students enrolled in academic year (2017/2018) at Technical Institutes of Nursing in the previously mentioned settings. Tool of data collection: Questionnaire sheet, Student evaluation of institute for being a media for learning , Job Stressor to assess the student stressor during training in the clinical area and likert like type rating scale to assess stressors related to nature of nursing profession related to evaluation process and an observation check list to assess media of learning in institute. Results: Revealed that more than half of studied students believe that the instructor did not had selfconfident, student not respect instructor knowledge, instructor not help to improve student skills leads to not feel confident due to increase knowledge and skills, instructor not do revision after clinical finish, evaluation steps not fair and instructor not close to students were factors affecting learning atmosphere. Conclusion: study could concluded that the media of learning and their clinical instructor nature of the nursing profession, evaluation process, different types of patient and nature of work were factors affecting learning atmosphere. Recommendation: it recommended that overcome factors affecting learning atmosphere among pediatric nursing student for facilitate learning through recruitment of adequate number of qualified teachers and prepare of experienced teachers.

Background: Injuries are one of the most serious health problems facing any society. Aim of the present study was to determine the effect of counseling intervention for mothers caring children with mental disability to help them in accidents prevention. Research design: A quasi experimental design was utilized for conducting the study. Settings: The study was conducted in the two Special Needs Care Centers at Cairo governorate namely Ard El Hobe Center and Sara Center. Subjects: A purposive sample includes 48 mothers coupled with their children those selected from the previously mentioned setting those had eligible criteria. Tools of data collection: An interview questionnaire sheet was used pre / post counseling. Results: This study revealed that, there was a highly statistical significant difference between rate of accidents`occurrence pre / post counseling. Conclusion: This study concluded that, the rate of accidents among mentally disabled children was significantly decreased after counseling intervention. Recommendations: Counseling and guidance should be provided to improve parents`knowledge and practices about accidents in (home, school, street and public place), prevention and first aids for all mentally disabled children. Further studies should be done to assess the effect of counseling and training programs on children`s parents to reduce the rates and severity of accidents among mentally disabled children.

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