Globally health is regarded as a human capital and thus healthcare delivery is treated as of crucial importance to all communities. Both non-price and price factors play a significant role in determining the patient's choice for healthcare delivery providers. Recently public hospitals have shown to face fairly growing community expectations, though they still perceived to have low quality healthcare, thus the intent of the study. Employing Chi-square and five point likert scale questions patient's choice and perception were assessed. The results show that there is greater relationship between age and patient's choices to attend at public hospitals, while education, sex and patient's occupation were not significant. Moreover, treatment cost, distance from the hospital, and location of the hospital and medicine availability were key indicators for patient's choice. Improvement of medicine availability and reduction of treatment cost is needed so as to attract patients in public hospitals. Since patient's choices are not completely rational, further research should be done on health outcome factors that influence patient's choice in order to integrate healthcare provider and health outcome factors towards improvements of quality health services at public hospitals.

It is undeniable fact that manufacturing sector plays key role in growth of any economy and it is from this sector developing countries can catch-up with the rest of the world. While other countries are struggling in upgrading the level of their industrialisation to accommodate the concept of sustainability by going for more advanced and green technology hence increase productivity, others are still on the ground struggling to take off and catch-up with industrialized world, Tanzania being one of them. In spite of various strategies proposed and implemented, the sector contribution has remained low, and currently statistics shows a decline. From analysis, it is evidently that manufacturing sector remain to be significant for the growth of Tanzania's economy despite her small GDP share relative to other sector like agriculture and service. The stagnant contribution share of sector is linked with; implementation lags on ambitious uncoordinated plans, slow transforming economic structure which is dominated by agriculture, and competition from low priced manufactured import from Asian economies. Thus, the best way to go is for a country to centrally coordinate all development policies to ensure connectivity and progressive monitoring of policies' implementations, and attention should be paid on agro-allied resource-based industries which are labor-intensive and value-adding which will ensure massive job opportunities to large agricultural population and take advantage of vast arable agricultural land available.

This paper sets out to assess the state of water supply and sanitation in government primary schools in Kinondoni Municipality. It based on data collected in 2013. A cross-sectional study design was adopted, collecting data through the use of questionnaire, in-depth interviews and observation from ten public primary schools in the study area. Statistical Package for social science (SPSS) was used to clean and analyse the data collected. The study found out that there is inadequate and unreliable water supply, water storage facilities and shortage of functioning hand-washing facilities. The available sanitation facilities are poorly utilized due to various reasons including pupils' background personal hygiene, sanitation technology, pupils' population, lack of hygiene education and school weakness in implementing School Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (SWASH) guideline. The study concludes that although the government primary schools in Kinondoni Municipality own a variety of water sources and sanitation facilities, generally there is inadequate coverage of water and sanitation facilities in primary schools. Also the SWASH guidelines did not specify who is to be responsible for the maintenance costs, awareness creation to teachers, parents, and pupils as well cultural aspect on the use of SWASH facilities were not considered. To increase water reliability at schools, multiple sources (water tape and deep wells) could be the best solution. Parents and pupils should be involved in SWASH program awareness and consider economic (maintenance costs) and cultural appropriateness, also to avoid punishing pupils by using toilet cleaning at schools.