One of the most prevalent malocclusions is maxillary constriction, which is a narrowing of the upper arch; its etiology is multifactorial, including mainly genetic factors and parafunctional habits. It is characterized by a posterior crossbite that can be unilateral or bilateral, total or partial, and may even not occur in cases with simultaneous constriction of the mandibular arch. Transverse deficiency or maxillary hypoplasia affects facial growth and the integrity of the dentoalveolar structures. Therefore, it must be corrected as soon as it is diagnosed. As the maxilla widens, the midpalatal suture and the intermaxillary suture expand. When they are not fused, it is connective tissue and behaves viscoelastically in response to externally applied forces. In order to effectively treat any dentofacial deformation, an early diagnostic and therapeutic approach is required.

Introducción: la pérdida de hueso es un suceso que afecta a la totalidad del esqueleto. Así, las alteraciones musculoesqueléticas afectan a millones de personas en todo el mundo y están entre las causas más comunes de dolor crónico. Objetivo: conocer los efectos de la microvibración y estrógeno en el remodelado óseo. Material y métodos: se realizó una revisión sistemática, se buscó en siete bases de datos, se incluyeron estudios clínicos controlados realizados con ratas o ratones en el periodo de publicación del 2004 al 2022. La calidad de la evidencia sintetizada se evaluó con la escala de Jadad. Resultados: se identificaron quince artículos como estudios primarios. La microvibración reportó cambios in vivo/in vitro totalmente dependientes del estímulo que conlleva incremento de la cortical externa. A su vez, con la administración de estrógeno se reportaron efectos, específicamente, en el hueso trabecular y en el periostio, así como colágeno inmaduro que indican un recambio óseo. Conclusión: tanto la microvibración como la administración de estrógeno coadyuvan a la remodelación del tejido óseo y son aprovechables como tratamiento en el momento que exista un problema de pérdida ósea.

Background Saliva is a biological fluid essential for the maintenance of a proper oral health. Its absence predisposes to differences pathologies, including dental caries, fungal infections among many others, significantly affecting the oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL). There is a large variety of treatment alternatives available for dry mouth, which increases constantly. Objective: To identify new treatment alternatives for dry mouth. Material and Methods We conducted a systematic search in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus and Ebsco. Articles published between January 2015 and January 2020 were retrieved and reviewed by two independent evaluators. Results Nineteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were included for analysis. Local therapies were the most evaluated agents, followed by systemic and non-conventional treatments. Most local therapies showed certain utility for the management of dry mouth and the improvement of OHRQoL. These formulations were mainly based on natural agents, including malic acid, thyme honey, ginger, among others. Conclusions Local agents are first line treatment alternatives for dry mouth sensation, with a reported efficiency that varies between studies, and with a low number of reported adverse side-effects. Nevertheless, care must be taken when interpreting these results, as is difficult to compare studies within each other due large heterogeneity in study design and outcomes being measured. Key words: Xerostomia, dry mouth, hyposalivation, saliva, mouth dryness.