The objective of this study was to obtain empirical evidence in which a fraud star, representing five contributing factors to fraud, influences asset misappropriation and that internal controls moderate the effect of fraud star with respect to asset misappropriation. The study used a descriptive research method with a quantitative approach. The primary data included 49 indicators distributed to 282 employees who were employed in 5 state-owned companies (BUMN) in Indonesia. The data collection was performed by using a purposive sampling method and analytical method of structural equation modeling (SEM), while partial least square (PLS) were used for data analysis. Based on the results, it showed that the causes commonly associated with fraud, namely pressure, opportunity, justification, and capability have a positive effect on asset misappropriation, while integrity and internal controls operate in the opposite way. It has also been found that internal controls do not undermine the influence of pressure, opportunity, justification, and capability with respect to asset misappropriation. Furthermore, it does not strengthen the influence of integrity on asset misappropriation.

Purpose Business Principles for Countering Bribery, 2003, helps companies design and implement anti-bribery policies, one of anti-corruption. Since then, the business environment has changed, can carry out anti-corruption activities from within the organization through a management system. Currently, the business world recognizes the existence of an integrated governance, risk management and compliance (GRC), where one of the goals is to overcome the risk of corruption in the organization. Therefore, this study aims to clarify the concept of integrated GRC implementation within the organization through previous studies from 2007 to 2021. Design/methodology/approach This study was designed in a systematic literature review based on five journal publishers’ articles/journals from the Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar databases. Keywords used to search consist of Anti-Corruption (AC); Governance (G); Risk Management (RM); Compliance (C); GRC. The four keywords G, RM, C and GRC, are filtered based on articles that correlate with AC. Findings Overall, this review shows a few concepts for integrated GRC implementation in organizations that effectively support the prevention and detection of corruption. Although no empirical research has been found in the literature review, these three GRC silos – governance, risk management and compliance – support anti-corruption. In other words, it is hoped that the successful implementation of the integrated GRC in the future can improve the anti-corruption capabilities to be achieved in every organization. Research limitations/implications Research only discusses one internal function within the organization, of the many internal functions that are known to detect and prevent corruption. Practical implications Organizations can use this review to understand the importance of internal functions in combating the risk of corruption with a more consistent and committed commitment to implementing an integrated GRC. Originality/value As far as the authors’ search is concerned, there is no review of the concept of integrated GRC implementation against anti-corruption. It invites researchers to examine the actual implementation of this integrated GRC in organizations.

Purpose The phenomenon of corruption requires extra handling to achieve zero corruption. The purpose of this paper is to examine the integrated governance, risk management and compliance (GRC) implementation, the quality of internal audits and management's commitment to improving the ability to detect corruption and its impact on the company's financial performance. Design/methodology/approach This paper used primary and secondary data. Financial statement data and survey results from participants in 69 state-owned companies were analyzed using the Partial Least Square method. Findings There was a positive and significant effect of the integrated GRC implementation, quality of internal audit and management's commitment to increasing the organization's internal capability in detecting corruption. However, the failure to detect corruption mediates the effect of management commitment on financial performance. Besides, the organization's three internal factors could be better because their functions could be more optimal and require further improvement. Research limitations/implications State-owned companies are continuing to be restructured, so these results can be helpful for now. However, they must update continuously with developments related to the composition and classification of state-owned companies. Practical implications Organizations can improve their ability to detect corruption in the workplace by using an early warning system such as the integrated GRC, internal audit quality and a high commitment from management. Originality/value To the author's limited knowledge, empirical research on integrated GRC implementation, internal audit quality and management commitment are still rare if they improve the detection of corruption ability. It uses the factors that cause corruption in the fraud hexagon to analyze the financial performance.