ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menetapkan dosis bubuk bawang putih (Allium sativum) yang tepat yang mampu meningkatkan respon imun non spesifik secara optimal dan pertumbuhan pada ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio L). Hewan uji yang digunakan adalah ikan mas panjang 8-12 cm dan berat rata-rata 9.37 g yang diperoleh dari Balai Budidaya Ikan Air Tawar (BBAT) Tatelu.setelah aklimatisasi selama 2 minggu dalam bak fiber, ikan dipindahkan ke dalam akuarium kaca berukuran 80 cm x 40 cm x 40 cm (p x l x t) dengan kepadatan 15 ekor/akuarium dan setiap akuarium dilengkapi dengan aerator. Perlakuan bawang putih yang diberikan adalah A = 0 g, B = 10 g, C = 20 g, D = 30 g, dan E = 40 g/kg pakan. Dosis pemberian 5% dari berat badan/hari dengan frekuensi 2 kali sehari yaitu pukul 08.00 dan pukul 16.00 wita. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah parameter imun (TLC dan Aktivitas fagositosis). Data yang diperoleh dinyatakan dalam bentuk nilai rata-rata ± Stdv dan pertumbuhan mutlak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian bubuk bawang putih dengan dosis 30 g/kg pakan dan diberikan selama satu bulan efektif meningkatkan respon imun non spesifik dan pertumbuhan mas. Kata kunci: Bawang putih, Respon imun, Total leukosit, Aktivitas fagositosis.ABSTRACT This research aimed to determine the proper dose of white onion (Allium sativum) powder to stimulate the nonspecific immune response and growth of carp (Cyprinus carpio L). Fish (length 8-12 cm; weight 9.37 g in average) were obtained from BBAT Tatelu (Freshwater Aquaculture Board). After acclimatized in 1000-l fibre tank for two weeks, fish were introduced to 15 glass aquaria (80x40x40 cm) equiped with aeration at a density of 15 fish/aquarium. Fish were fed diet supplemented with white onion powder at five different doses (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 g/kg diet), twice daily at 5%bw. Data collected included total leucocyte count (TLC), phagocytosis activity and growth of fish. Results showed that after four weeks of feeding, supplementation of white onion powder at 30 g/kg diet was effective to enhance nonspecific immune response and growth of carp.

The aimed of this field practice was to study the hatchery technique of freshwater lobster at Board of Freshwater Aquaculture, Tatelu (BBAT). During this practice, all the hatchery activities were conducted according to BBAT standar procedures. The number of broodstocks used in this practice was 225 females and 53 males. These broodstocks were propagated in mating pond for two weeks. Broodstocks having eggs were moved into hatching tank individually. Afterward, broodstock was removed into another tank while larvae were kept in hatching tank for 10 days. Larvae were cultivated in concrete tank for one month. Data collected included surviral rate, weight and length of lobster, and water quality. Survival rate of larvae was 50%. Water quality in broodstock tank was temperature 28,4 0C, pH 7,5; DO 5,6 mg/l, in hatching pond was temperature 27,23 0C, pH 7,5; DO 5,2 mg/l. In general, lobster hatchery consisted of tank preparation, boroodstock culture, broodstock seletion, hatching, larvae rearing, feeding, water quality contol, pest and disease prevention, harvest. Key Words: Hatchery, lobster, broodstocks.

A research had been conducted to evaluate seaweed and waters condition at seaweed  culture area at Jayakarsa Village.  Research locations were divided into three station: 1) at former culture area near mangrove area and the beach, 2)  at active culture area, 3) at former culture area with sandy bottom and ”lamun” field.  Water quality measured included temperature, salinity, pH, DO, turbidity, flow rate, water depth, bottom type. Protectivenss, risk, and accesibility were also observed. Data was analyzed descriptively and then compared to standard value established in Kangkan (2006).  Water condition at station 1 and 2 was categorized Grade 2 (moderately suitable) while at station 3 was marginally suitable which was categorized Grade 3. Major problems faced by the farmers was ice-ice disease, silt and epiphytes that could reduce the production.   Keywords: Kappaphycus alvarezii, water quality, Jayakarsa Village, moderately suitable, marginally suitable

A research had been conducted to evaluate the use of baker’s yeast as immunostimulant in enhancing the resistance of carp (Cyprinus carpio L) to Aeromonas hydrophila infection.  Experimental fish were obtained from Freshwater Aquaculture Board in Talelu, Minahasa Regency, and transported to the Laboratory of Aquaculture Technology at the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Sam Ratulangi University. During two weeks of  acclimatization process, fingerlings were fed with commercial feed (pellet) at 5% of body weight per day, twice a day.  After acclimatization, fish was randomly distributed into 15 aquaria with a density of 25 fishes/aquarium. The doses of yeast cells as treatments included 5, 10, 15 and 20 g yeast/kg of pellet while control pellet not supplemented with yeast cell. Fish was fed with treatment pellets for four consecutive weeks at 5% of body weight per day,  twice daily at 09.00 am and 16.00 pm. Afterward, the density of fish were adjusted to 10 fish/aquarium. Fish were then challenged with A. hydrophila through intraperitoneal injection of  0.2 mL of A. hydrophila suspension containing 1x107 cfu/mL. Research result showed that supplementation of yeast cells into fish pellet significantly influenced the resistance of fish to A. hydrophila infection (p<0,01). The highest resistance were observed in fish fed pellet supplemented with 5 g yeast/kg of pellet. Thus, supplementation of  baker’s yeast cells into commercial fish feed was able to increase  resistance of carp to A. hydrophila infection.   Keywords: baker’s yeast, Cyprinus carpio, A. hydrophila, resistance, intraperitoneal injection

This research aimed to diagnose bacterial diseases on nile tilapia cultured in stick net cage in Lake Tondano. Fish samples were taken from three locations of net cages in Lake Tondano namely Paleloan, Eris and Remboken villages. Three samples of fish were taken from each location/village. The samples taken showed clinical symptoms of bacterial infection such as hemorrhagic on the abdomen, the base of the fin, anal and chest, irregular swimming fish, hemorrhagic on the gills, fish refuse food, remain silent on the outskirts of net cage. Bacteria were isolated by using a sterile loop from head kidney (anterior kidney), which is located on the front, below the spine near the head. Bacterial cultures were performed on TSA media by making a zigzag scratches. The petri dish containing bacterial isolates were subsequently incubated in an incubator at a temperature of 35oC for 24 hours. The water quality parameter data measured consisted of temperature, Dissolved Oxygen, pH, ammonia, brightness. The results of the study showed that farmed tilapia in Lake Tondano has been infected with Aeromonas hydrophila that causes MAS (Motile Aeromonad Septicemia). The water quality, both chemical and physics around the net cages in the Lake Tondano was still in good condition and suitable for fish cultivation.   Keywords: Oreocrhomis niloticus, Bacterial disease, septicemia aeromonad motile, fixed net cage, Lake Tondano