The topic of farms that deal with environmental constraints is an ongoing agricultural policy issue, including within the Common Agricultural Policy. We propose empirical evidence based on a sample of Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) farm households, evaluate the influence of chosen factors on financially sustainable farm development and verify less-favoured area (LFA) farms’ growth compared with non-LFA households. To specify farm households, we use the Sustainable Growth Challenge (SGC) model and DuPont decomposition based on financial measures and indicators that were adopted from corporate finance. It is concluded that the differences in SGC and revenue growth values between LFA and non-LFA farms mainly results from the system of subsidising LFA farms that receive compensation for farming in areas with adverse environmental conditions. Generally, the impact of agricultural policies on LFA and non-LFA farms is significant and may weaken the effect on LFA. With the exception of education, other sociodemographic factors do not highly influence farm efficiency. Along with improvements in the quality of human capital (e.g., higher education level), awareness of subsidies, and debt and innovative solutions increases. The interest in precision agriculture and agriculture 4.0 is also growing, which directly translates into better technological and financial efficiency of farms.

Special Economic Zones have been operating in Poland since 1994 and are still growing. Tax incentives being offered in these Zones, as good infrastructure and administration support, are supposed to be attractions for newly established companies. The purpose of this article is to investigate whether tax incentives have an impact on the decision process of locating the investments in Special Economic Zones in Poland. The article presents a preliminary study, based on results of a questionnaire survey conducted among companies located in SEZ in Poland and presents subjective opinions of the investors about tax policy in SEZs. Results show that tax incentives are an important instrument attracting investors to Special Economic Zones. As the following analysis presents, tax reliefs seem to be an important investment incentive, however, the importance of income taxes is greater than the local costs to doing business. There are also some differences in evaluating tax support depending on a company's size and the level of support in a particular region. : H23, H25, H71, F21, F23 JEL classification

Celem tworzenia Specjalnych Stref Ekonomicznych (SSE) jest m.in. zapobieganie marginalizacji regionów słabiej rozwiniętych. Wyniki badań dotyczących oddziaływania SSE na gospodarkę są jednak niejednoznaczne. Celem niniejszego opracowania jest ocena wpływu Specjalnych Stref Ekonomicznych na rozwój gospodarki na poziomie regionalnym, na przykładzie województwa łódzkiego. Badanie przeprowadzono w oparciu o dane Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego za lata 2007–2013. Z przeprowadzonej analizy wynika, że SSE mają korzystny wpływ na rozwój przedsiębiorczości w regionie, mierzonej poziomem nakładów inwestycyjnych przedsiębiorstw oraz wartością produkcji sprzedanej.

The main purpose of this article is to compare the profitability of foreign and domestic enterprises in Poland. It is assumed that foreign enterprises achieve better financial results in host country than domestic enterprises because of i.e. higher innovativeness of foreign enterprises (as in technology and organizational sphere) and better capital use. The analysis was conducted among large foreign-controlled and domestic-controlled enterprises in Poland. The research results indicate that taking risk related to financing by foreign capital led the direct invested enterprises to achieve higher profitability rates what may contribute to better development of foreign companies in Poland.