Sandalwood (Santalum album L.) is one of the native trees of Nusa Tenggara Timur Province because ithas high economic value and is the best endemic species in the world. The essential oil content in it has a very distinctive aroma and can be used to make various products such as handicrafts, wood carvings, incense, and oils for the perfume and cosmetics industry. Sandalwood is a semi parasitic plant whose life requires a host plant to obtain nutrients and water in the soil. There are many types of host plants that have been used, including casuarina equisetifolia, acacia mangium, sesbania grandiflora, alternanthera sp. and capsicum annum. In this research, sandalwood plants will be tested with the host plant Cymbopogon nardus, which from an economic point of view can provide benefits. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) are a group of fungi from the phylum Glomeromycota which have mutualism symbiosis with higher plant root systems. AMF is able to survive on dry land. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of AMF and the use of essential host plants to increase the growth of Sandalwood seeds in Timor Tengah Utara. In the parameter of high increase, the results of the Duncan test showed that the highest AMF treatment for agroforestry land and host chili plants was 19.01, which was different from AMF for agroforestry land within a host plant, Cymbopogon nardus namely 15.44. In the increase in diameter, the results of the Duncan test showed that the AMF treatment of agroforestry land and host chili plants had a significant effect on all treatments, namely 9.11. Duncan test results on plant biomass parameters showed that AMF treatment and host plants chili and lemongrass gave good treatment, namely 3.54 and 3.53 on shoot dry weight parameters and 3.75 and 3.42 root dry weight compared to control, namely 0.27, while at root and shoot ratio seed quality index, the seeds are suitable for use because they comply with the standard. In the parameters of root colonization, AMF and the host plants of chili and lemongrass were both able to adapt well, namely 56.0 and 54.0.
Kegiataan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan ini untuk memberikan penyuluhan dan pelatihan kepada kelompok tani bilubahan Desa Tapenpah Kecamatan Insana Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara dalam pembuatan pupuk organik cair dalam budidaya sayuran agar dapat meningkatkan pendapatan petani, serta dapat memberikan solusi yang tepat untuk mengurangi dampak negatif dari penggunaan pupuk kimia. Pupuk organik cair merupakan ekstraksi dari hasil pembusukan sampah organik yang mengandung unsur-unsur hara makro yakni nitrogen, fosfor, kalium dan C-organik yang digunakan tanaman untuk proses pertumbuhannya serta dapat meningkatkan produksi tanaman. Fungsi dari pupuk organik cair sebagai perangsang tumbuhan mulai tunas, buah dan biji, sedangkan daun dan batang bisa langsung menyerap secara langsung melalui stomata atau pori-pori yang ada pada permukaannya.
Tarum (Indigofera ) is a plant that has high commodity value. It can produce a naturally blue color because it contains indican glycosides which are oxidized to indigo (alkaloid compounds). Tarum is included in the Fabaceae family, belonging to a leguminous tree species that has purple flower colors, used as a natural blue dye which is the result of extracting its leaves. This plant is easy to cultivate in dry land because it can improve soil fertility and increase the productivity of dry land. The cultivation of tarum plants is still relatively low, especially on dry land, due to the lack of knowledge of the local community about the potential and methods of cultivating tarum. In addition, tarum can be used as animal feed, tarum leaves are used as forage for animal feed because they contain high protein and nutrients for livestock, and are resistant to drought and disease. This socialization was done in the Bilubahan farmer group in Tapenpah Village, Insana District, North Central Timor Regency. The method used is counseling and the provision of educational materials that are easily accessible to the community of farmer groups, to increase knowledge, and skills and improve productivity and welfare of the community on dry land regarding tarum cultivation. The socialization was attended by the group leader and members of the Bilubahan farmer group, totaling 25 people, this activity went well and smoothly, and the result was that the community was interested and willing to do tarum cultivation. Keywords: Socialization, education, Tarum
Masyarakat petani di wilayah Timor Barat kerap menggunakan pengetahuan lokal sebagai bagian dari warisan leluhur dalam sistem pertanian tradisional untuk meningkatkan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga keluarga, menggunakan sistem pengelolaan tanah dan tanaman, yang mana beberapa jenis tanaman pangan ditanam secara bersamaan waktu dalam satu lubang tanam yang sama (Salome). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan adanya efek biochar dan residunya serta umur defoliasi terhadap hasil Jagung dalam tumpangsari salome dengan beberapa jenis kacang di lahan kering dan untuk memperoleh jenis tanaman kacang yang cocok ditumpangsarikan secara salome dengan Jagung. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli 2018 sampai Juli 2019 di kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Timor, Kelurahan Sasi, Kecamatan Kota Kefamenanu, Kabupaten TTU. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam tiga tahap penanaman yaitu tahap I: penanaman pada bulan Juli sampai November 2018. Tahap II: penanaman pada bulan November 2018 sampai Maret 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktorial 2 x 3 x 3 dengan 3 kali ulangan + monokultur jagung dan monokultur kacang. Faktor pertama: penggunaan biochar yang terdiri dari 2 aras yaitu tanpa biochar dan penggunaan biochar. Faktor kedua: umur defoliasi daun Jagung yang terdiri dari 3 aras yaitu tanpa defoliasi , Umur defoliasi 35 Hari Setelah Tanam, Umur defoliasi 75 HST. Faktor ketiga: jenis Kacang lokal tipe tegak yang terdiri dari 3 aras yaitu: Vigna radiata L., Vigna umbellata L., Phaseolus vulgaris L., sehingga terdapat 18 kombinasi. Hasil penelitian tahap I menunjukkan bahwa Berat biji tanaman jagung tertinggi dihasilkan kombinasi perlakuan tanpa biochar dengan umur defoliasi daun Jagung 35 hst pada sistem monokultur sedangkan pada sistem tumpang sari dihasilkan oleh kombinasi perlakuan biochar, umur defoliasi daun Jagung 35 hst pada jenis kacang Vigna radiata L., Hasil penelitian tahap II menunjukkan bahwa bahwa kombinasi perlakuan penggunaan residu biochar, umur defoliasi daun jagung 75 hst menghasilkan berat biji Jagung tertinggi yang ditanam dengan sistem tumpangsari dengan jenis kacang hijau. Hasil penelitian tahap I menunjukkan bahwa Berat biji tanaman kacang tertinggi dihasilkan oleh kombinasi perlakuan tanpa biochar dengan jenis kacang Phaseolus vulgaris L. pada sistem monokultur, sedangkan pada sistem tumpangsari dihasilkan oleh kombinasi perlakuan penggunaan biochar tanpa defoliasi daun Jagung dengan jenis kacang Phaseolus vulgaris L. Hasil penelitian tahap II menunjukkan bahwa bahwa kombinasi perlakuan penggunaan tanpa residu biochar, umur defoliasi daun Jagung 35 hst dengan jenis kacang hijau paling tinggi pada sistem tanam tumpangsari. Hasil Jagung pada sistem tumpangsari salome diawal penggunaan biochar mengalami penurunan dibandingkan kontrol tetapi meningkat kembali pada saat penggunaan residu biochar, umur defoliasi daun Jagung 35 hst lebih baik dibandingkan tanpa defoliasi, semua jenis kacang cocok untuk ditaman dengan sistem tumpangsari salome. Jenis kacang Vigna radiata L. dan Vigna umbellata L. lebih cocok ditanam dengan sistem tumpangsari salome dengan Jagung pada awal penggunaan biochar maupun pasa saat penggunaan residu biochar.
This study aims to determine policies to strengthen the agricultural sector as a locomotive for economic development in border areas. In border areas, problems related to agriculture are low productivity, weak market access, very traditional farming patterns, weak post-harvest processing, and common agricultural resources. The method used in this research is the literature method through a study of various literature. The results showed that to make agriculture a locomotive for economic development, what was done were: 1) changing the mindset and mental and behavior of the farming community; 2) Mapping the potential of each sub-district; 3) Integrated agricultural development and 4) Increasing production and productivity through the Food Labor Intensive pattern (PKP).
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