The C1q binding activity by de novo DSA in patients with AMR largely reflects differences in antibody strength. The C1q assay does not appear to distinguish functionally distinct DSA with clinical significance.

Pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia is an uncommon reactive lymphoproliferative disorder that presents as an asymptomatic lung mass. The histopathologic diagnosis of pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia may be challenging because of its morphologic overlap with other diseases, such as extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue and immunoglobulin G4-related sclerosing disease. Despite the similarities, there are distinctive morphologic and phenotypic features that allow for the correct diagnosis in the majority of cases. This review aims to discuss the clinicopathologic features of pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia and contrast them with its histopathologic mimickers.

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Distant metastasis to the jaws, including the maxilla or mandible, is very rare. Although the mandible is the preferred sight of these rare metastases, it is extremely rare for oral cavity malignancies to present as pathological mandibular fractures. Here, we present a case of esophageal adenocarcinoma metastasizing to the mandible, and the first reported case presenting with a pathological mandibular fracture secondary to esophageal adenocarcinoma. We also review the 9 other reported cases of metastatic esophageal adenocarcinoma to either the maxilla or mandible.