A psychometric assessment of the Icelandic version of the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC) was undertaken among Icelandic schoolchildren, between 10 and 15 years of age. In a first study 625 children between 10 and 15 years of age filled in the MASC. A confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the four-factor structure of the instrument was justified. Further, means and standard deviations of the total scale and the subscales were similar to the original normative data reported by March (1997). In a second study the MASC, the Children Depression Inventory (CDI) and the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS) were administered to a sample of 249 schoolchildren between 10 and 15 years of age. The results supported the convergent and divergent validity of the MASC. Together the two studies show satisfactory psychometric properties of the Icelandic version of the MASC in a normal population.

I n the field of aphasia, the processes that enable improvements in fluent speech, e.g., in naming, reading, sentence structure, etc., are not well understood. At the present time the fields of cognitive psychology, clinical neuropsychology, and cognitive neuropsychology are limited with regard to explaining the causes of different symptoms of aphasia. Treatment based on operant conditioning or stimulus control procedures seems to be very promising. In the present study, four participants with chronic aphasia, aged between 52 and 62 years, received treatment based on errorless learning procedures and operant conditioning for 7 months. Treatment effects were evaluated with a multiple-baseline design across behaviours. The performances that were treated varied across participants but were two or three of the following in each case: naming people or objects, making sentences, sequencing stimuli, discriminating written words, and unassisted recall. Treatment variables were clearly defined and systematically used in standard ways across participants with flexibility for adaptation to individual outcomes using clearly defined criteria. Prompts that were used in training faded out as performances improved. The performances of all participants improved significantly in all tasks; they all reached 100% correct performance without any prompts from the experimenter in at least one task. Generalization measures across stimuli and settings demonstrated that their improved performances generalized to novel stimuli and novel settings.D ans le domaine de l'aphasie, les processus qui facilitent les améliorations du langage fluent, e.g., la nomination, la lecture, la structure de la phrase, etc., ne sont pas bien compris. En ce moment, les domaines de la psychologie cognitive, de la neuropsychologie clinique, et de la neuropsychologie cognitive sont limités en ce qui concerne l'explication des causes des différents symptô mes de l'aphasie. Le traitement basé sur le conditionnement opérant ou sur les techniques de contrô le du stimulus semble très prometteur. Dans la présente étude, quatre participants avec une aphasie chronique, âgés entre 52 et 62 ans, ont reçu un traitement basé sur les techniques d'apprentissage sans erreur et le conditionnement opérant pendant sept mois. Les effets du traitement ont été évalués avec un protocole à niveaux de base multiples à travers les comportements. Les performances qui ont été traitées ont varié à travers les participants mais elles étaient deux ou trois des suivantes dans chacun des cas: nommer les gens ou les objets, faire des phrases, faire la séquence des stimuli, discriminer les mots écrits et le rappel non assisté. Les variables du traitement étaient clairement définies et systématiquement utilisées de manière standardisée à travers les participants avec une flexibilité pour pouvoir s'adapter aux résultats individuels en utilisant des critères définis. Les indices qui ont été utilisés pendant l'entraînement ont disparu tout au long de l'amélioration des performances. Les performances ...

The 6-week transdiagnostic CBGT is feasible for a wide range of mood and anxiety disorders. The results indicate that low-intensity transdiagnostic group therapies may have similar effects on both general and disorder specific symptoms.