This study has attempted to scrutinize the impact of unemployment on the growth rate during the period 1974 to 2020 in Pakistan. This study has employed the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) technique for empirical investigation. GDP growth rate is a dependent variable, employed as a proxy for economic growth. In the present study, explanatory variables are unemployment, population growth rate, rate of inflation, foreign direct investment and government expenditure. The empirical findings from the study show that unemployment and inflation rates both show a negative relationship with economic growth and are significant statistically. The population growth rate has a positive and statistically significant impact on economic growth. Short-run cointegration exists between the variables. It is suggested from the results that government should adopt adequate measures to generate employment opportunities to accelerate economic growth and reduce unemployment in the country.

Purpose: Women are almost half the population of the world while their poor social status and limited participation in society is a serious issue of their deprivation specifically in developing countries like Pakistan. This study was attempted to investigate economic violence against women and its influential factors on women's social status in society. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study used multiple regression analysis for empirical estimation of cross-sectional data of 840 married men from three low socio-economic districts Dera Ghazi Khan, Rajanpur and Muzaffargarh from Punjab province of Pakistan. Findings: Empirical estimates of the study indicated among men above secondary school education, agricultural occupational status, emotional health status, childhood violence experience and witness are significant factors that impact women's economic violence. Implications/Originality/Value: There is a need for adequate legislation and policy measures for free and easy access to schooling, particularly in rural areas. In reducing gender disparity and violence’s regarding women social media, electronic media and print media can play a significant role by providing productive and positive messages in discussions and programs.

Purpose: Rural communities particularly in developing countries are consecutively facing losses of income and crops production due to dynamics of the market and climatic risks. The specific objective of this research is to investigate farmers’ perceptions of market and climate risks and their adaptive behavior in Punjab, Pakistan. Methodology: A multistage random sampling approach was used for collecting the data of 480 household respondents from climate-based categorized three districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Findings: For empirical correlation of risk perception of farmers with combined risks and adaptive behavior, this study used two Logit models. Estimates indicated as risk perception of the farmers market and climate change significantly affected their adoption behavior such as fall in agriculture products prices and drought while an increase in floods, rainfall and hail storms. Logit model explanatory capacity was improved by including demographic factors in the model. Large farms household heads were unwilling whereas well-educated and male farmers were more enthusiastic to take measures for avoidance of risks. In averting the climate risks, the majority of farmers adopted scheduled adjustment and crop varieties as adaptive measures in the study area. Policy Implications: For motivating farmers to adapt and risk management measures there is a need for adequate provision of financial support through formal institutions on the subsidized rate of interest in these study areas.

This paper tries to investigate the contribution of human capital to economic growth in Pakistan. For this purpose, the education enrollment index has been constructed, as a proxy for human capital. The study has collected secondary time series data and utilized the ARDL technique for the empirical results, during the year 1974-2020. The findings of the study concluded that the education enrollment index and infant mortality rates show a positive relationship with economic growth. The rate of inflation shows a negative relationship with the GDP growth rate. The results of the study suggested that the provision of education facilities is crucial especially at the higher and secondary levels to pursue the path of economic growth in Pakistan.