OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effectiveness of motivational interviewing (MI) as well as games in changing oral health behaviors among preschool children in Edko administration, Beheira governorate, Egypt. MATERIALS AND METHODS:The participating children, in this randomized controlled clinical trial, in 2018, were recruited from the 12 governmental preschools available within Edko administration of Beheira governorate, Egypt. A cluster random sampling strategy was used so that the contributors, mother/child dyads (pairs), in each nursery, were subsequently assigned to experimental group I (MI), experimental group II (MI+ gaming) or the control group (conventional dental health education (CE). The two outcomes, oral hygiene index simplified (OHI-S) for children and knowledge, attitude and practice of children's mothers were measured at base line and after six months follow-up. Paired t-test was used. RESULTS: After six months follow-up, compared with the control group (1.41 ± 0.77), preschool children in experimental group I and II had significantly lower mean ± SD of OHI-S (0.69± 0.61 and 0.70±0.72), P <0.001 and significantly higher mothers' knowledge (26.98±2.90 and 25.75±2.52), attitude (19.52±2.14 and 20.17±4.16) and practice scores (9.75 ±2.05 and 9.08 ±2.20), where P< 0.05. CONCLUSIONS: Using MI as an oral health education tool was significantly more effective in promoting preschool children's oral hygiene and improving mothers' knowledge, attitude and oral health related practices than CE alone. The protocol of the study was registered and posted on the ClinicalTrials.gov public website. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04258748.

INTRODUCTION: Advances in pediatric nephrology have resulted in increased survival rates of children on renal dialysis. Renal failure is characterized by multiple organ involvement, including complications in the soft and hard tissues of the oral cavity. Yet, data regarding the oral health status of Egyptian children on renal dialysis is scarce. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the oral health conditions (dental caries, oral hygiene, gingival condition, calculus and enamel hypoplasia) of children undergoing renal dialysis, in Alexandria, Egypt compared to matched healthy controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted on all available (70) end-stage renal disease children undergoing dialysis, aged 6-18 years recruited from Alexandria University Children's Hospital (AUCH) and its outpatient-clinics (nephrology medicine) and from Sporting Student's hospital (Health Insurance). The data were compared with that of a gender and age matched control group. Data were collected using an interview questionnaire and clinical examination. The mean df, DMF, GI, Pl.I and CSI scores were recorded. Enamel hypoplasia recorded according to Alaluusa et al criteria was also assessed. RESULTS: Dialysis children had significantly higher plaque, gingival, CSI and enamel hypoplasia scores whereas mean DMFT was higher among healthy children. No significant differences were observed between groups regarding dft. CONCLUSIONS: Children undergoing renal dialysis showed significantly worse oral health conditions than healthy controls except for dental caries status. The results of the study suggest a need for dental advice and supervision, and indicate that dental and medical care should be closely integrated for children with renal failure