To investigate the effect of safranin additions on the optical properties of PMMA hosts, films of pure and doped polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) with various volumes of safranin (S) dye solution (6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 35 ml) were equipped via the solution-casting method at room temperature. For an aim of assessing the kind of transition that was established to be indirect transition, these films were described using the method of UV/VIS. It showed absorption characteristic peak at 530 nm which increased with dye concentration until 24ml after that absorbance will decrease for (30 and 36) ml. The optical energy gap of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) was (5.0 eV) and after doping PMMA polymer with safranin dye, the energy gap value of the PMMA films raised as the volume ratio of Safranin solution raised but for volume doping 24ml of safranin solution, the energy gap reduced. The intensity of solar radiation was measured for pure PMMA and safranin /PMMA films, for four consecutive days from 7 A.M. to 5 P.M. (17 hr.), at a rate one hour. It can be concluded that the ratio of the transmitted radiation intensity to the intensity of the sun's radiation for all films is equal for every hour and for all days.

Pure Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) film and PVA polymer film/ Rhodamine 6G(Rh6G) dye film in different volume ratios of (6, 12,18, 24 and 30) ml of Rh6G were prepared via casting method. The addition of Magnesium Oxide (MgO) and Aluminium Oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles as a filler to the polymer matrix. The results demonstrated that there was a 10 nm red shift in the absorption spectra of Rh6G in PVA/ Rh6G polymer matrix due to add doping ratio of Rh6G dye solution to the transparent PVA matrix. Also, there was a 5 nm red shift in polymer matrix filled with Al2O3 NPs; this means that Al2O3 NPs absorb the water and that consequently enhance the optical properties of polymer matrix. The intensity of Rh6G doped PVA polymer film was seen to be enhanced when adding MgO NPs or Al2O3 NPs, noted that intensity of adding Al2O3 NPs more than it when adding MgO NP. The electronic transition was found to be π→π*.

Z-scan technique was employed to study the nonlinear optical properties (nonlinear refractive index and nonlinear absorption coefficient) for crystal violet doped polystyrene films as a function of doping ratio in chloroform solvent. Samples exhibits in closed aperture Z-scan positive nonlinear refraction (self-focusing). While in the open aperture Z-scan gives reverse saturation absorption (RSA) (positive absorption) for all film with different doping ratio making samples candidates for optical limiting devices for protection of sensors and eyes from energetic laser light pulses under the experimental conditions.

Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) polymer/ Acridine Orange (AO) dye films prepared via casting technique at room temperature. The effect of adding (Acridine Orange (AO) dye solution, Magnesium Oxide (MgO), and Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) NPs) to the PVA polymer matrix were studied on the absorption spectra. The effect of AO addition on the absorption spectrum of PVA film is occurrence blue shift (5nm) from 280nm to 275 nm in the PVA and red shift (10nm) from 490nm to be 500 nm for AO maximum absorbance wavelength. The absorbance of AO dye decreases when adding PVA, but increases When the volume ratio of AO dye solution is increased to 0.49 for 18ml, the volume ratio of AO dye solution decreases for 24- and 30-ml volume ratios. Adding NPs led to enhancing the photophysical properties of polymer composite, noted that absorbance of adding alumina nanoparticles more than it is in the case of adding magnesia nanoparticles. Also, there is a 10 nm red shift in AO and a 5 nm blue shift in AO when they are added to the polymer matrix filled with MgO and Al2O3 NPs.