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an enormous solvent effect on the rate of the reaction.Not only is the solvent effect on the reaction of 1 with 4-nitrobenzyl chloride large, but the change in rate constant for the change in solvent from 2-methyltetrahydrofuran to acetonitrile is on the order of that expected for a reaction in which an ion pair is created from a pair of neutral molecules. The fundamental process to which we can refer is that for the solvent polarity standard, Z value (the destruction of an ion pair through charge transfer, eq 2).2 The operation COOCH3

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