Background: Since the first detection on 8th March 2020 in Bangladesh, the number of cases is rising alarmingly. The paediatric population is also getting infected in Bangladesh. So far there is no study of COVID in children in this country. Aim: This study reports on clinical profile, laboratory findings and outcomes of COVID-19 children admitted to Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Dhaka. Materials and Methods: In this prospective observational study, RT-PCR confirmed fifty COVID-19 patients aged below twelve years were included. Relevant investigations were done in the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP). Data were collected from patients and/or their attendants by a structured questionnaire. Results: Mean age was 59.96±43.24 months, 48% were male and 52% were female. Predominant symptoms were fever (44%), cough (26%), anosmia (26%) and diarrhea (12%). There was neutropenia in 66% and lymphocytosis in 84% of cases. Mean neutrophil and lymphocyte counts were 38±13% and 52.5±13%, respectively. Significantly raised CRP observed in 14% and high serum procalcitonin was in10% of cases. Serum LDH, D-Dimer and ferritin were raised in 80%,34% and 6% of affected children, respectively. The majority (98%) of the children were improved and discharged from the hospital. One child died in this cohort. Conclusion: Fever and cough were the predominant symptoms of COVID-19 affected children in this study. Lymphocytosis and neutropenia were two important laboratory finding. Death in COVID-19 is also not uncommon. J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2021; 39(3): 154-159

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute self-limiting inflammatory disease associated with vasculities, affecting predominantly medium sized vessels and encountered these cases infrequently in clinical practice. The most concerning complication is coronary artery aneurysm (CAA) leading to myocardial infarction or sudden death. Fever is the essential feature. Kawasaki disease is invariably associated with an inflammatory process with elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and white blood cell count. Early recognition and treatment with IVIG (Intravenous venous immunoglobulin), and Aspirin showed highest protection against development of coronary artery disease. Incidence of KD is more in East Asia or in Asian ancestry living in other countries. The reason for high incidence in developing country is still unknown. Recently a significant number of cases attended in day to day practice which led conducting this study to assess the pattern of presentation, management and outcome after treatment and to aware the health care providers about the nature of the disease. This observational study conducted during September 2014 to March 2016. All the cases reported to the department of paediatric echocardiography for coronary artery analysis and suspected as KD were included in the study. History, clinical examination and investigation reports were analyzed from records. Age, gender, clinical feature, management, follow-up, echocardiography findings and outcome were analyzed. Data were collected from records of Echocardiography Department and Paediatric Cardiology Department of Lab Aid Cardiac Hospital and Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka. Among 27 cases, 16 were male (49.25%) and 11 were female (40.75%). Age distribution showed 8 (29.63%) were under one year of age, 13(48.14%) were in 1-5 years age group, 6 (22.23%) were in more than 5 years age group. All 27 cases were presented with fever, strawberry tongue, conjunctivitis, skin rash with peeling. Raised ESR, CRP and neutrophilic leukocytosis were found in all 27 cases. Cervical lymphadenopathy was found in 15 (55.52%) cases. Coronary artery changes were observed in 24 cases (88.89%). IVIG was given in 25 (92.60%) cases and Aspirin was given in 27 cases. Complete cure was achieved in 25 (92.59%) cases and one case died from thrombo-embolic event of radial artery and amputation of hand. The outcome of KD depends on the severity of coronary artery involvement. Patients with aneurysm larger than 08 mm are at highest risk of myocardial infarction. Less than 08 mm aneurismal dilatation regress with time. In this series outcome was excellent due to timely diagnosis and proper intervention.

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is among the most common bacterial infections and posses significant healthcare burden. Escherichia coli is the most common cause of UTI accounting for about 70%% and a variable contribution from Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae Patients are often treated as soon as bacteria are shown to be present by microbiological culture. Objective: To identify the prevalence of bacterial isolates specimens from suspected patients of urinary tract infection in both outpatient department and in patient department. Methods: This study was carried out in the department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College during the period from July 2016 to June 2017. Urine specimens were collected and isolation and identification of major uropathogens (Escherichiacoli Klehsiella pneumonias, Proteusmirabilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were done by standard microbiological procedure a biochemical tests. The antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the isolate according to age and sex. Results: Out of 250 urine specimens, 200 specimens were isolated and identified by culture and different biochemical methods which were supported by microscopical examination and at the same time PCR could detect species specific genes in 201 specimens directly from urine of suspected UTI patient Escherichia coli was responsible as a leading causative pathogen in both outpatient department and in patient department with a higher prevalence of 71.8% for outpatient department. On the other hand prevalence of Proteus mirabilis was lowest and it was 1.8 % in outpatient population. Culture positivity of urine specimens was higher in female in both out patient population and inpatient population. Culture positivity of in patient population among the male (45.5%) was slighty higher than that of outpatient population (34.5%). The predominant age group suffered from UTI in case of outpatient population was >15-30 but for the in patient ..............

Introduction: Periurethral injection with polyacrylamide hydrogel (PAHG, Bulkamid®) is a minimally invasive treatment option to be considered for women with stress urinary incontinence. The manufacturer recommends injecting between 1.5 ml and 2 ml periurethrally. This study aims to evaluate the long-term efficacy of PAHG, and to determine whether there is a correlation between the volume of PAHG injected and the outcome in terms of symptoms. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted between 2011 and 2018. Patients were contacted by telephone and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire – Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI SF) was used to assess their symptoms. A linear regression analysis test was performed to assess the correlation between the outcome and the volume of PAHG injected. Results: One hundred and fifteen PAHG injections were performed on 101 patients. The volume of PAHG injected ranged from 0.8 ml to 3 ml. Two patients reported procedure-related complications. Of the patients that attended their three-month follow-up, 62 (58.5%) patient-episodes reported an improvement. 62 patients were contacted by telephone and the median length of follow-up was 37.5 months. An improvement in the ICIQ-UI SF score was observed in 45.8% of patients with a mean improvement of 4 points. The volume of PAHG injected did not affect the outcome. 31% also reported a benefit with PAHG five years after their injection following previous incontinence surgery. Conclusions: PAHG injection is safe and improves symptoms of urinary incontinence at up to 7.5 years in 45.8% of women. PAHG is also useful after previous incontinence surgery. The volume of PAHG injected did not influence the outcome.

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