This study was aimed to investigated the relationship between the daily average of meteorological parameters (MP), and the daily average (DA) of air pollutant concentrations (PC) (including particulate matter (PM)). In this study, the DA of air PC, such as carbon monoxide (CO) and sulphur dioxide (SO2), was measured during heavy traffic in the summer season for five different locations throughout 2017, and comparison made with results similarly obtained in 2012. The particulate matter sample has been collected for the same period. The daily average meteorological parameters (MP) such as temperature (T), atmospheric pressure (AP), wind direction (WD), wind speed (WS) and relative humidity (RH) were measured and collected from the Directorate of Meteorology and Seismology Instrument at DC during the same period. The microstructure and morphology of the particles have been investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and reflected light microscopy (RLM). The chemical composition of the particles has been studied using energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). The EDX analysis shows that silicon and calcium were found to be the most abundant elements in the dust particles. Mineralogical characterization was carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and results of which indicate the presence of calcium carbonate (CaCO3).

The artificial silk (Rayon) was produced from the fronds of date palms which was taken from date palm trees (type Al-Zahdi) from the Iraqi gardens. Two main parts of the frond, namely leaves and stalks were used in this study to produce rayon. The palm fronds were converted into a powder of 90-180 micrometers. Major steps were used to produce rayon; delignification, bleaching and finally dissolution. Modified organosolv method which uses organic solvent method was applied to remove high lignin content. Three variables were studied in the delignification process: temperature, the ratio of ethanol to water and digestion time. The results showed that the best percent of lignin removal was (97%) which occured at; digestion time (80 minutes), temperature (185oC) and the ratio of ethanol: water of 50: 50 wt/wt. Statistical experimental design type Central Composite Design (CCD) has been used to find a mathematical relationship between the variables and the remaining lignin percent as a dependent variable.  The effect of using different catalysts in delignification process  have been studied and found that the best catalyst is sodium hydroxide at the concentration (0.025) mole/L which gave the same percent removal of lignin (97%) but with low digestion time about 30 min. In the next step, the cellulose was dissolved using. NaOH with different concentrations (4%-12%) and the results showed that the optimum concentration of sodium hydroxide was 8% at temperature - 20oC. In order to improve cellulose dissolution, urea was added with proportion (6% NaOH + 4% urea). Finally, the cellulose was spinning with 10% H2SO4 to prepare rayon.

This study was aimed four electrodes were synthesized based on molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). Two MIPs were prepared by using bromhexine hydrochloride (BHH) as the template, acryl amide (AA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) as monomers as well as ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) and penta erythritol triacrylate (PETA) as cross linkers respectively and benzoyl peroxide as initiator. The same composition was used in preparation of non-imprinted polymers (NIPs), but without the template (Bromhexine hydrochloride). To prepare the membranes, different plasticizers were used in PVC matrix such as: Di butyl sebacate (DBS), acetophenone (AP), di-octyl phthalate (DOPH) and tri-2-ethyl hexyl phosphate (TEHP). The characteristics studied are the slop, detection limit, life time and linearity range of BHH–MIPs electrodes. Results obtained of selectivity measurements on interfering cations (Al+3, Ca+2, K+) and some pharmaceutical additives such as methylparaben, propylparaben, trisodium citrate show that no interfering with drug bromhexine hydrochloride. The preparation electrodes have been shown good response including testing pharmaceutical analysis.