Given the importance of corporate governance for increasing the monitoring of company operations, i.e., reducing information asymmetry and increasing control over operations, in this study, we investigate some indicators of corporate governance and financial distress as one of the most important criteria in the decisions of the users of financial statements. Corporate governance Indicators that have been mentioned in this study, including the independence of the board of directors (the ratio of non-executive members), institutional investors and duality of CEO and Chairman of the Board of Directors. This study is applied research and the required information is gathered from financial statements of listed companies on the TSE. Using a sample of 82 company stock during the period 2010-2014 and multivariate regression analysis, the results of the analysis of information gathered indicates that institutional ownership reduces the financial distress. However, there was no significant relationship between board independence (proportion of outside board members) and the duality of CEO and Chairman of the Board with the financial distress. The results also indicate that financial leverage and a qualified audit opinion increases financial distress and firm size and management performance reduces it.

Today, to make investment decisions, investors analyze the stock in the stock market and an information source used by them is the financial report of the related firms. In some cases, the report may be prepared in accordance with management policies, which is known as an earnings management. Earnings management will affect intelligence value and consequently have negative impact. Due to these issues, in this study, the relationship between VR of earnings, earnings management and corporate governance is discussed. Using a sample of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange and the regression model, the results showed that the ownership of institutional investors has reduced the earnings management, but compared to major shareholders and company's audit by the National Audit Office, it has increased earnings management. The results also show that there is no significant relationship between management and the stock price as an indicator of measuring the VR of earnings.

Purpose: The core purpose of this paper empirically study of the initial public offerings (IPOs) of companies accepted in oil and chemical industries. The paper attempts to answer the question of is there any abnormal return from IPOs in listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE).Design/methodology/approach: This research is an applied research, and its design is empirical, which is done by the method of post-event (past information). For the purpose of the study the t-statistic, regression and variance analyses are applied to examine the hypotheses. We use in the analyses a sample of 29 newly accepted Iranian oil and chemical companies listed on TSE for the period of 2001 to 2012. This paper has studied abnormal return and three abnormal phenomena have been considered in capital market. These phenomena consist: (1) underpricing or overpricing of the firm's stock, (2) lower or higher stock return of the firms and (3) Particular period in market for stock transactions volume.Findings: The results support the hypothesis that there is a positive abnormal return to investing in the newly accepted oil and chemical firms for stockholders. It also shown the firm size is the only factor that can affect the stock abnormal return. With considering significance level, investors have to give attention sequentially to other variables such as stock ownership centralization, going public time and stock offering volume.

Increasing the number of users of the audit report, as customers of this public good, has caused the quality of the auditors’ job to be put under observation. Methodology: Quality of the auditors’ work and their opinion can lead to improving the financial information system of countries and finally optimal economic decision-making. Results: The results of studying the research variables among 74 companies in 6 industries, using multiple linear regression and panel data, showed that the Board size has a significant inverse relationship with auditor tenure. But this variable has no significant relationship with auditor size. So, it is suggested that acceptable standards be considered for auditor selection in order to improve the audit procedures so that the auditor tenure will be less affected by the Board size and also personal judgments. In addition, the proportion of outside directors has no significant relationship with auditor tenure and auditor size. Conclusion: The results indicated that the company size has a significant positive relationship with the auditor size. Thus, larger companies use larger firms for auditor selection. Accordingly, it is recommended that larger organizations should employ larger audit firms to enhance audit quality.