Separating substances by their chirality faces great challenges as well as opportunities in chemistry and biology. In this study, we propose an all-optical solution for passive sorting of chiral objects using chirality-dependent lateral optical forces induced by judiciously interfered fields. First, we investigate the optical forces when the chiral objects are situated in the interference field formed by two plane waves with arbitrary polarization states. When the plane waves are either linearly or circularly polarized, nonzero lateral forces are found at the particle's trapping positions, making such sideways motions observable. Although the lateral forces have different magnitudes on particles with different chirality, their directions are the same for opposite handedness particles, rendering it difficult to separate the chiral particles. We further solve the sorting problem by investigating more complicated polarization states. Finally, we achieve the chiral-selective separation by illuminating only one beam toward the chiral substance situated at an interface between two media, taking advantage of the native interference between the incident and reflective beams at the interface. Our study provides a robust and insightful approach to sort chiral substances and biomolecules with plausible optical setups.

In this letter, we have proposed a novel idea for producing additional modified mode(s) in a metamaterial-loaded rectangular patch antenna. The proposed idea has defined the possible range of variations of the material parameters for different kinds of metamaterials to get additional modified resonant mode(s). Moreover, we have also indicated the appropriate choice of particular metamaterial for different specific purposes like antenna size reduction and other mode modification-related applications. According to our proposed idea, it is possible to get better radiation performance for interface resonance mode by introducing modified modes ( , or , etc). Here, we have shown only the dual-band results. Successful design of triple-or tetraband antenna is also possible by using our proposed idea. Using unconventional mode , it has also been shown that miniaturization of a rectangular patch antenna may be only possible with -negative (MNG) metamaterial.Index Terms-Broadside radiation, dual-band antennas, -negative (ENG) metamaterial, interface resonance, miniaturized antennas, -negative (MNG) metamaterial.

In this paper, for the very first time, triple band rectangular patch antenna loaded with metamaterial has been reported. Maximum directivities demonstrated here for all the three bands are quite high in comparison with previously reported any kind of rectangular patch antenna. This unique triple band performance has been achieved with the help of newly produced TM 0δ0 (3 < δ < 4) mode, symmetric slot loading and parasitic patch adjustment. Application of etched slot and parasitic patch in DPS (double positive)-metamaterial juxtaposed layer loaded antenna has been also demonstrated for the first time. Considering the quite satisfactory performance (S-parameter, radiation pattern and radiation efficiency) of this novel design, we expect that our proposed ideas will be very effective to design all these metamaterial loaded novel rectangular patch antennas.

Abstract-In this paper, for the very first time, a general algorithm for designing rectangular microstrip patch antenna, partially loaded with SNG (Single Negative) (MNG (µ Negative) and ENG (ε Negative)) metamaterial has been proposed to achieve better radiation performance. Then, applying our proposed algorithm, theoretically we have predicted novel dual band miniaturized rectangular patch antennas (loaded with MNG metamaterial) for two different bands using unconventional interface resonance mode under fundamental TM 010 mode. Then we have proposed a complete design of magnetic inclusions, presenting full wave numerical simulations of the structure, which effectively supports the theoretical expected resonant modes as well as satisfactory radiation pattern performance. Prior to our current work, impossibility of sub-wavelength or electrically small rectangular patch antenna has been demonstrated using ENG metamaterial. However, in this paper, we have indicated a direction towards the real-life implementation of possible miniaturized rectangular patch antennas partially loaded with MNG metamaterial. The algorithm proposed in this paper is the key to choose the appropriate material parameter to design all such antennas.