The effects of plant oils on health are being intensively studied. Many fatty acids have attracted significant scientific attention since the studies pointed them as potential nutrients. An attempt was made to analyze the variation in three major Indian Garcinia fruits for their oils, lipid sub‐classes, fatty acids and total amino acids. Solvent extraction and chromatographic techniques were used for the isolation, purification, separation and detection of these compounds. Three major Garcinia fruits G. gummi‐gutta, G. indica and G. xanthochymus varied in their chemical composition. Oil content was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in G. xanthochymus seeds (16.9 %) when compared to 11.21 % in G. gummi‐gutta seeds. Fatty acids observed were mainly capric, undecanoic, lauric, palmitic, stearic, oleic and linolelaidic acid. Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were predominant in both pericarp and seeds with oleic acid being the major fraction (29.24‐58.6 %). The lipid classification of Garcinia oils showed the varying percentage of neutral lipids, glycolipids and phospholipids. Oleic acid (32.91–71.54 %) was found to be the major fatty acid in neutral‐, glyco‐ and phospho‐lipids. Alanine, leucine, proline and phenylalanine were the predominant amino acids found in Garcinia fruits. The study has broadened our understanding related to the different biochemical composition of Garcinia fruits, thereby providing the groundwork that may lead to the production, utilization and application of products from Garcinia in a more efficient way.

ABSTRACT:The aim of present study is to analyze the performance, emission, and combustion characteristics of variable compression ratio (VCR), compression ignition (CI) engine using a suitable biodiesel as a fuel. The biodiesel is selected to conduct this experimental investigation is Compressed Natural Gas and Palm oil as a biodiesel in diesel dual fuel operation is regarded as one of the best ways to control emissions from diesel engines and simultaneously saving petroleum based diesel fuel. In the present work an experimental research was carried out on a laboratory single cylinder, four-stroke variable compression ratio, direct injection diesel engine converted to CNG-Diesel dual fuel mode and then blended with palm oil to analyze the performance and emission characteristics of pure diesel, CNG substitution rates and blended. The results reveal that brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption, of dual fuel engine is in the range of 20%-60% at the rated load of 2,4 and 6kg which is Brake thermal efficiency is higher than pure diesel engine for 20% ,40% and 60% CNG substitution rates and slightly less in B20,B40,and B60. Brake specific fuel consumption of dual fuel engine is found better than pure diesel engine at all engine loads and for both CNG substitution rates but by applying biodiesel slightly grater than pure diesel due to its lower calorific value . It is found that there is drastic reduction in CO, CO2,and HC, emissions in the exhaust of dual fuel engine at all loads.

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