Introduction: The focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) is a commonly used and lifesaving tool in the initial assessment of trauma patients. Surgical residents being trained through lectures and hands-on learning of ultrasound can be challenging; inclusion of novel educational strategies, such as simulation can be utilized. Thus this study ought to evaluate whether ultrasound simulator is a suitable alternative method for ultrasound education than the traditional methods. Method: Observational analytical study. Sixteen surgical residents were taken for the study, by lottery chit system they were segregated into to arm of eight each. One arm was with traditional hands on training and another arm was taught in Simulation skill lab on interpretation of FAST. The duration of study was 6 weeks, 2 hours per week. Knowledge content of FAST evaluated trough Pre-test and Post MCQ test (Identical) and OSCE assessment was done for their skill and interpretation of FAST. Evaluator was blinded to both groups. Chi square and student t test was used for statistical analysis. Result: All students showed significant improvement from pre-to post-test scores and significant improvement in comfort level using ultrasound in general and on FAST (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between groups on OSCE scores. Overall, no differences were demonstrated between groups trained on human models versus simulator. Conclusion: These findings suggest that an ultrasound simulator is a suitable alternative method for ultrasound education

Acute abdominal pain is a common complaint in children. We came across several unusual causes of acute abdomen including jejunal haematoma, perforation and abdominal abscess following hydrostatic intussusception reduction, twisting of mesenteric cyst, perforation of sigmoid colon and Meckel’s diverticulum presenting with intussusception. In this article, we aim to present imaging features of these entities so that paediatric surgeons, radiologists and other health-care providers are aware of these unusual manifestations of acute abdomen.

Background The most common surgical approach in neurosurgery to diagnose and treat tumors and aneurysms is the transylvian-pterional approach. The classification of Sylvian fissure (SF) was proposed based on pure anatomical observations by Yasargil. The SF is the most identifiable feature of the superolateral brain surface, which divides the parietal and frontal lobes from the temporal lobe which lies below. Aim The aim was to identify the anatomical variations in SF (bilaterally) in the normal population and to identify its morphological asymmetry. Setting and Design This was a retrospective, observational descriptive record-based study which was done to identify the anatomical variations and morphological asymmetry in SF (bilaterally) in the normal healthy population using a 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system. Materials and Methods The SF was classified into five types. The categorization of the SF was done by MRI, either using T1-weighted images in three planes. Statistical Analysis Percentage and frequency using SPSS 23.0. Results In this study, we found that type 4 was most common in the general population of 100 patients. We found type 1 was most common in age groups above 50 up to 60 years of age. Types 2 and 4 SF were found in all age groups. Bilateral presentation of the SF can be considered as symmetric in 85% of the general population and asymmetric in 15% of the population considered in this study. Conclusion Classification of the SF types on MRI was shown to be reliable and practicable. Sound knowledge of SF anatomy before neurosurgery can help reduce procedure-related morbidity, ischemic lesions, or edema.

Anxiety is a psychological condition that can affect anyone at any given point of time. Patients undergoing interventions are especially prone to anxiety. Several studies have shown that music can be efficacious in calming patients in the hospital setup. In this study, we studied the effect of music in the context of image-guided interventions such as biopsies, fine-needle aspiration cytology, thoracocentesis, and paracentesis. It was found that there was a substantial reduction in the rise of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and a reduction in the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory state anxiety inventory scale values in the music group as compared with the control group during the procedure which was also statistically significant (p = 0.001). Music can be an exceptional tool in patient anxiety reduction as it is widely available, economical, and easy to dispense. Based on these results, we can conclude that patients undergoing image-guided procedures should be offered a choice to listen to music of their preference to reduce situational anxiety levels.