In order to estimate the speed of a moving vehicle with side view camera images, velocity vectors of a sufficient number of reference points identified on the vehicle must be found using frame images. This procedure involves two main steps. In the first step, a sufficient number of points from the vehicle is selected, and these points must be accurately tracked on at least two successive video frames. In the second step, by using the displacement vectors of the tracked points and passed time, the velocity vectors of those points are computed. Computed velocity vectors are defined in the video image coordinate system and displacement vectors are measured by the means of pixel units. Then the magnitudes of the computed vectors in image space should be transformed to the object space to find the absolute values of these magnitudes. This transformation requires an image to object space information in a mathematical sense that is achieved by means of the calibration and orientation parameters of the video frame images. This paper presents proposed solutions for the problems of using side view camera images mentioned here.

In this paper, detailed studies have been performed for developing a real time system to be used for surveillance of the traffic flow by using monocular video cameras to find speeds of the vehicles for secure travelling are presented. We assume that the studied road segment is planar and straight, the camera is tilted downward a bridge and the length of one line segment in the image is known. In order to estimate the speed of a moving vehicle from a video camera, rectification of video images is performed to eliminate the perspective effects and then the interest region namely the ROI is determined for tracking the vehicles. Velocity vectors of a sufficient number of reference points are identified on the image of the vehicle from each video frame. For this purpose sufficient number of points from the vehicle is selected, and these points must be accurately tracked on at least two successive video frames. In the second step, by using the displacement vectors of the tracked points and passed time, the velocity vectors of those points are computed. Computed velocity vectors are defined in the video image coordinate system and displacement vectors are measured by the means of pixel units. Then the magnitudes of the computed vectors in the image space are transformed to the object space to find the absolute values of these magnitudes. The accuracy of the estimated speed is approximately ± 1-2 km/h. In order to solve the real time speed estimation problem, the authors have written a software system in C++ programming language. This software system has been used for all of the computations and test applications.

The institutions that take the leading role in the evaluation of the real estate should be determined. Real estate valuation takes place in a multi-headed organizational structure and is benefited from institutions in both the public and private sectors. The method of determining the institutions will be examined through the social network analysis methodology of the network of relations between public institutions and the private sector. With the numerical and visual analyzes the following questions will be examined: "Which is the director and responsible institution to undertake the task of collecting the institutional structure under one roof?", Which is the institution that uses the real estate appraisal results most in their works?, Which institution is the most cooperating in acquiring data on real estate appraisal?, Which are the most known institutions that make real estate appraisal?, Which of the institutions that make real estate appraisal are most trusted?". The study will be conducted in order to find answers given to the related questions. As a result, relations between institutions engaged in real estate appraisal business are assessed by social network analysis and interoperability issuing "awareness network" will be put forward.