In arid and semi-arid regions, with unexpected periods of floods or droughts as a result of extreme variability in rainfall rates, runoff occurs in separate periods after clear occasional rainstorms. People living in these areas are greatly affected by water shortages during droughts and often have unsafe livelihoods. Wadi Al-Mohammadi is one of the main valleys in the Western Desert flows into the Euphrates River. It is considered an important area, due to many characteristics, including its relatively large area, the amount of water drained through, and has significant storage of groundwater, which is used mainly in agriculture and watering livestock, in addition to industrial purposes such as the production of washed sand, gravel that scattered on both sides of the valley. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model is proven to be effective as a working platform in the hydrological cycle and to clarify its components and factors affecting the hydrological situation in a region. By applying the SWAT model using the required data set (LULC, slope, and soil types), Wadi Al-Mohammadi is subdivided into 199 HRU (hydrologic response units). The annual average flow discharge was 0.138 m3/s with an average annual water volume about 4.366 Mm3, while the average annual water volume is calculated from runoff which was of about 4.651 Mm3. There is a difference in the average annual volume of water calculated from surface runoff and discharge, due to a little slope, and not all the surface runoff water reaches the mainstream, or it ends in secondary valleys or collecting in pits, and there for the discharge is less than the surface runoff. Peak runoff is observed in Wadi Al-Mohammadi basin mostly during the winter season, from November to March.

Geographic Information System (GIS) technique was used in this study to produce a Water Quality Ind water of Habbaniya Lake for drinking purposes. Sixteen samples of fresh surface water were collecte physiochemical parameters of the WQI. These parameters include Total Dissolved Solids, pH, Cal Potassium, Chloride, Sulfate, and Nitrates. The result of these parameters has been transferred to the water quality database and map of spatial distribution for each parameter using the inverse distance w results of these parameters were also used to calculate irrigation water quality index values, and transfe the production of the water quality index map. The spatial distribution index of drinking water in Ha this map. It shows that WQI for all water samples is within the second category (50-100) except (S 5 category (<50). The short-scope of WQI indicates that the water quality of Habbaniya Lake has bee water quality that fluctuated from excellent water to good water for human drinking. It shows also t Habbaniya Lake waters is more appropriate for drinking since the Al-Warar Canal drains in this part, from the Euphrates River.

The biggest problem that people face in their lives is the water crisis, especially in developing countries. It is considered an obstacle to people's survival and the continuation of agriculture, livestock, and so on. The establishment of lakes behind the suggested dams is one of the possible solutions to deal with this problem and remediate it. Wadi Al-Mohammadi is one of the main valleys that flow in Western Desert and flow into Euphrates River. It is considered an important area, because of its many characteristics, including its relatively large area, and the amount of water drained through. Using ArcGIS to process all the data used with Spatial Analyst Supplemental tools to estimate the storage capacity for each reservoir. Six factors are considered when determining the location of the barrier or dam. The site of Dam 1 is the best-selected site with a suitable index of 97.5. It is followed in the second degree by the site of Dam 5 and then the site of Dam 2 with a suitable index of 95 and 90, respectively. Hence it falls under the category of highly suitable. Dam 3 site falls within the modestly suitable category. Finally, the sites of Dam 4 could not be established, because they had a suitability index of less than 70. The analysis shows that the suggested lakes in Wadi Al-Mohammadi basin have good storage capacity with the possibility of utilizing them to prevent the risk of floods, storing water in drought seasons, irrigation capabilities, and take advantage of them as tourist areas.