a b s t r a c tRecent years have seen a surge of interest in assessing water withdrawal in the agricultural sector which has been experiencing an increasing concern with sustainable environmental requirements. Like other highly water-intensive crops, rice production systems rely on an ample water supply, thus posing a serious threat to water availability. This study estimates the water use of rice cultivated in the off-and main seasons in Malaysia. The water withdrawal of rice was estimated based on the monthly climatic data of 30 y (1983-2013) and a 10-y (2002-2011) average annual crop yield. The water stress index (WSI) of the 16 major watersheds in Malaysia was also derived to assess the water deprivation. We found that the blue water use for rice cultivation in the off-and main seasons ranges between 619 and 1,421 m 3 /t and 504 and 1,031 m 3 /t, respectively. The results also showed that the average WSI for 11 states in Peninsular Malaysia is 0.08 with a total water deprivation of 97 million m 3 H 2 O eq/y. This study can serve as baseline information for the government in identifying the areas that need to be conserved and the recommendations that should be drawn toward sustainable management of water resources in Malaysia.

Finding locations suitable for disposal of solid waste is one of the fundamental challenges facing municipal cities and environmental stability. The present study aims to identify the most suitable solid waste disposal site using Geographic Information System (GIS), remote sensing, and the multi criteria decision-making (MCDM) technique. In addition, the study compares the proposed method for suitability with the traditional analytic hierarchy process (AHP) approach. A new validation approach was applied to evaluate the accuracy of the AHP and Fuzzy logic methods based on the selected solid waste locations. Remote sensing data (ASTER GDEM) and field/reference maps were used to derive 12 conditioning factors required to produce a suitable location for solid waste disposal. The result shows that the accuracy of AHP, based on the consistency index (CI), is acceptable (greater than 0.1). However, Fuzzy logic was shown to be more accurate than AHP. The total surface areas of suitable locations based on AHP and Fuzzy models are 4.4 km² and 13.35 km², respectively. This study showed that AHP, Fuzzy logic and GIS can be integrated for waste management decision issues related to site selection to reduce negative effects on the environment and inhabitants.

A study on water quality status of Tekala River, Selangor, Malaysia was conducted at two sampling times. A total of six sampling stations were selected along the river representing the upstream (S1 and S2), the middle stream (S3 and S4) and the downstream (S5 and S6) of the Tekala River. In this study, in-situ and ex-situ analyses were conducted to determine the quality of Tekala River. Physical, chemical and biological parameters included biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (SOD), ammoniacal nitrogen, total suspended solids (TSS), dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, temperature, total dissolved solid (TDS), salinity, conductivity, Escherichia coli, coliform and macroinvertebrate. According to the result obtained from this study, Tekala River is classified under Class I and Class II based on water quality index and National water quality standard. Two-way ANOVA showed a significant difference between parameters (ammoniacal nitrogen, BOD, pH, temperature, conductivity, DO and TDS) of sampling station. Significant difference was found between ammoniacal nitrogen, pH and temperature with sampling time. The correlation test revealed that there is relationship between Escherichia coli with ammoniacal nitrogen, temperature and DO. There is also relationship found between coliform with pH and BOD.

Langat River is one of the main sources of water supply for Selangor state. This study was conducted to determine the water quality status of Langat River in Selangor based on WQI and INWQS. Water sampling was conducted at ten stations for two seasons; dry season during February 2016 and wet season during November 2016. Parameters included in this study are temperature, pH, DO (Dissolved Oxygen), Conductivity, TSS (Total Suspended Soil), TDS (Total Dissolved Oxygen), BOD (Biochemical Oxygen demand) and Heavy metals. The laboratory analysis was carried out according to the HACH and APHA methods. This study found that the water quality of Langat River is classified in class III for both sampling times. Reduction in WQI value in the river was observed mainly due to human activities such as industrial and services building producing wastes. Based on results and statistical analysis, the values of pH, COD, Conductivity, TSS and TDS in the study area were influenced by the nearby industrial constructions. In dry seasons, low volume and stagnant water could create entropic conditions in the river. Water quality which classified in class III were considered as slightly polluted. Langat River can be used as supply if only conventional treatment was done. Water quality which classified in class III were considered as slightly polluted. Langat River can be used as water supply if only conventional treatment is carried out.Cite this article as: Alfarooq O. Basheer, Marlia M. Hanafiah, Mahmood J. Abdulhasan (2017). A Study On Water Quality From Langat River, Selangor. Acta Scientifica Malaysia, 1(2):01-04.

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