Key words:Clinical mastitis, Reproductive Performance, Dairy CowsThe objectives of this study were to determine the incidence of clinical mastitis (CM) in relation to some risk factors and its impact on reproductive performance of Holstein cows. Lactation records (n = 1875) were obtained from Dina farms covering the period between 2013 and 2016. One third of cows (647/1875) had contracted at least one episode of CM throughout the entire lactation. Frequency of CM decreased progressively with the month of lactation, and approximately half of the cases occurred within the first three months postpartum. Incidence decreased (P<0.001) with level of milk yield, but increased (P<0.001) with parity. CM significantly (P<0.05) increased calving to first estrus (+ 7.7 days), and to calving first insemination intervals (+6.5 days) compared to non-affected ones. Furthermore, cows contracted CM before conception required 31 days more and +0.47 inseminations to conceive than cows without mastitis. In brief, CM has a negative impact on reproductive performance of Holstein cows, and its occurrence is associated with level of milk yield, lactation order and stage of lactation.

Eight hundred sixty six kits of 104 New Zealand White litters were studied for the rate of stillbirth, within litter mortality (M) between birth and day 21 of age (M0-21) where kits rely solely on milk, day 22 to weaning (M22-28) and postweaning to marketing (M29-70). Overall least squares means were 6.96% (stillbirth), 10.62% (M0-21), 0.55% (M22-28) and 3.08% (M29-70). In 30.77% of litters, all kits survived to marketing. Dead kits at birth and those died within the first week of age had significantly (P<0.01 and P<0.05, respectively) lower body weight (bwt) than their surviving littermates. M0-21 was higher (14.97 vs 6.27%, P<0.01) in litters of low mean kit birth weight (≤ 60 vs > 60g). Kit survival pre-(M0-21) and postweaning (M29-70) was better when their does gained > 250 g bwt during the first three weeks post-kindling compared to dams losing bwt or gaining < 250 g. The rate of stillbirth increased (P = 0.06) with longer gestation periods. M0-21 was higher (14.39 vs 6.86%, P< 0.05) in large litters (≥ 9 alive kits vs < 9 kits). Summer and spring born litters experienced higher (P<0.05) M0-21 (14.98 and 14.27%) than autumn (7.42%) and winter (5.81%) born ones. Parity affected only stillbirth (P<0.05) with litters of the 1 st , 2 nd and ≥ 3 rd orders lost 5.83, 4.98 and 10.07% of Characterization Of Litter Mortality In ...

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wenty-four Damascus goats at late pregnancy period with live body weight on the average (44 ± 2 Kg). Were divided into three similar groups according to their body weight (8 goats each) for 90 days trial. The experimental concentrate feed mixture (CFM) offered to animals without or with the rate of replacement 20 (R2) and 40% (R3) Biscuits waste (BW ) of corn. The basal rations composed of 60% concentrate feed mixture (CFM) and 40% clover hay. Digestibility trials were carried out at the end of experiment using acid insoluble ash (AIA) technique. Data showed that significant higher digestibility (P <0.05) of DM, CP, EE and NFE for BW supplementation compared with control, while decrease digestibility (P <0.05) of CF. Milk yield was higher significantly in R2 ( 20% replacement) than the control, there was no significant difference on fat% while decrease in protein % in the same treatment . Values of concentrations of blood plasma total protein and Albumin , cholesterol, triglycerides and total lipids of experimental goats were higher with feeding on 20 and 40% corn replacement than the control. Generally, it could be concluded that the replacement of corn by BW at level 20% in rations for dimishki goats improved digestibility, feeding values and milk yield and its composition.

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